LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

of July 10, 2025 No. 231

About safety of national airspace

The parliament adopts this organic law.

Chapter I. General provisions

Article 1. Subject and purpose of the law

(1) This law regulates the legal, organizational, administrative and other relations arising in the course of safety control of national airspace, operations procedure in different air situations and special powers according to application of measures for ensuring air safety.

(2) the Purpose of this law is prevention, suppression and neutralization (liquidation) of air risks and threats for homeland security of the Republic of Moldova, integrity of national airspace, aviation safety, life and human health, and also property.

Article 2. Regulatory base of activities for safety control of national airspace

The regulatory base of activities for safety control of national airspace the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova, the Aviation code of the Republic of Moldova No. 301/2017, constitute the Law on national defense No. 345/2003, the Law on aviation security No. 192/2019, and also the conventional principles and rules of international law, the international agreements in the field which party is the Republic of Moldova, this law and other regulations.

Article 3. Concepts

For the purpose of this law the following concepts mean:

1) the air vehicle - interceptor - the public air vehicle which is carrying out maneuvers of rapprochement with the air vehicle or the unidentified abnormal phenomenon illegally using national airspace for the purpose of its identification, the prevention, coercion to observance of the existing rules of use of national airspace or in need of its neutralization (liquidation);

2) the piloting aircraft - the air vehicle intended for public conveyance, loads or accomplishment of combat missions, managed by one or several pilots who are onboard providing flight watch and navigation of the air vehicle throughout flight in the civil or military purposes;

3) air aggression - the hostile action which is expressed in the actual use of air potential by the state or group of the states for achievement of the planned military-political purposes against sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Moldova;

4) air threat - set of potential negative events which can be created at some point by the state or group of the states in airspace of other state or group of the states for achievement of the planned military-political purposes, against sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Moldova;

5) military threat - manifestation of intention, capability and/or readiness of the state, group of the states, organizations or non-state actors to use military force against sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity or strategic interests of the Republic of Moldova;

6) defense of national airspace - the component of national system of defense consisting of set of the act of war and means used for protection of sovereignty of the state concerning airspace including by control, interception and in need of prevention and neutralization (liquidation) of air risks and threats for homeland security according to the national legal system and the assumed international obligations;

7) control of use of national airspace - the activities performed by competent authorities, consisting in permanent monitoring of procedure for use of airspace and in acceptance of necessary legal measures on recovery of its permitted use, on prevention, suppression and neutralization (liquidation) of risks and threats for homeland security, integrity of airspace and aviation safety and also for protection of life and human health, property and private life;

8) the unidentified abnormal phenomenon - unusual method of movement or the characteristic of flight of visually observed body in the atmosphere or out of the atmosphere of Earth which cannot be identified as the known natural or artificial object;

9) warning light - fire opened by the air vehicle - interceptor from airborne artillery armament for drawing attention of the aircraft crew illegally using national airspace excepting hit in it;

10) fire on destruction - fire opened for the purpose of the destruction piloted or the drone aircraft or rockets illegally using national airspace;

11) reduction of the air vehicle in legal regime - process as a result of which the air vehicle is brought into accord with applicable national and international rules by receipt of necessary permissions, licenses and certificates for activities in national airspace;

12) kinetic measures - the actions or actions assuming use of physical force for stop, destructions or neutralizations of the drone aircraft by means of shells or other types of weapon for the purpose of its knocking down or creation of the conditions interfering its functioning;

13) measures of air safety - action or action for prevention and suppression of air risks and threats for homeland security of the Republic of Moldova, integrity of national airspace, aviation safety, life and human health and property;

14) not kinetic measures - detection, identification of the drone aircraft, interception of management or its neutralization by shutdown of functions of management/control or communication;

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