ORDER OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

of November 27, 2025 No. 1013

About approval of the Concept of trade policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan till 2030

The government of the Republic of Kazakhstan DECIDES:

1. Approve the enclosed Concept of trade policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan till 2030.

2. To the central state, local executive bodies and other organizations (under approval), responsible for implementation of the Concept:

1) to take necessary measures for implementation of the Concept;

2) to provide timely execution of the Action plan on implementation of the Concept;

3) no later than April 1 of the year following after accounting year to provide information on the course of implementation of the Concept in the Ministry of Trade and integration of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

3. To provide to the Ministry of Trade and integration of the Republic of Kazakhstan no later than May 1 of the year following after accounting year information on the course of implementation of the Concept in the Ministry of national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

4. To send to the ministry of national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan till June 15 of the year following after accounting year summary information on the course of implementation of the Concept to Government office of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

5. To impose control of execution of this resolution on the Ministry of Trade and integration of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

6. This resolution becomes effective from the date of its signing.

Approved by the Order of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan of November 27, 2025 No. 1013

The concept of trade policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan till 2030

Section 1. Passport of the Concept

Section 2. Analysis of the current situation

Today the trade industry occupies key role in economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, providing strong growth and creating high gross value added. For the period 2015 - 2024 growth of the sector of "Trade" in gross domestic product (further – GDP) in current prices increased almost in time 1,5 that confirms steady expansion of the trade sector even taking into account price factors.

In 2024 amount of gross value added in the sector "Wholesale and retail trade; car repairs and motorcycles" reached the 26th 007, 1 billion tenges that constitutes 19% of general GDP.

Trade occupies the leading role on the employment level. In 2024 more 1,5 of one million people worked in the field of trade that constitutes % 16,6 from all occupied in the country. Over the last ten years (2015 - 2024) in this industry 228 thousand new workplaces were created. For 2024 in the sector of trade industry 806,4 of one thousand business subjects which share constitutes 35,6 of % of all companies in Kazakhstan is registered. Rather high share demonstrates further dynamic development of industry and increase in number of the companies, creating opportunities for employment growth.

It does trade in the largest sector of small and medium business (further – MSB), comparable on number of the companies with agricultural industry, construction, provision of other types of service and education combined.

2.1 Domestic trade

In 2024 the internal turnover grew by 9,4 of % and constituted 70, 7 trillion tenge. The main part of turnover of 66,7 of % is the share of wholesale trade whereas on retail trade – % 33,3.

Figure 1. Domestic trade (2015 - 2024), trillion tenge

Concentration of trading activity in Kazakhstan considerably varies on regions, at the same time the main centers of trade are concentrated in the largest cities of the country. The greatest share of wholesale trade is the share of the city of Almaty which occupies 36,6 of % of total amount that is caused by the developed infrastructure and high business activity. The second place is taken by the capital of the country the city of Astana with % 17,1 indicator. The Atyrau area from shares of 14% is in the third place that is connected with the vigorous industrial and oil-extracting activity stimulating goods turnover, and closes the list of leaders the Karaganda region whose contribution to wholesale trade constitutes % 6,4.

In segment of retail trade similar tendency: the largest contribution also belongs to Almaty where 33,6 of % of total amount is concentrated. The city of Astana takes the second position about % 13,2, and the third place at the Karaganda region where retail trade constitutes % 7,5. The East Kazakhstan region also takes important place in business volume of the country, providing 5,7 of % of retail sales.

These indicators emphasize that the largest cities, such as Almaty and Astana, remain the main economic centers of Kazakhstan, playing key role in forming of both wholesale, and retail trade. High concentration of trading activity in these regions is explained by the developed transport infrastructure, dense population, active entrepreneurial community and availability of the large retail chain stores attracting significant amount of consumers and investors.

Trade infrastructure

Trade infrastructure plays important role in providing the population with goods and services. However today modern formats of trade constitute only 40,8 of % of all retail trade that emphasizes need of the accelerated upgrade.

In 2024 in the territory of Kazakhstan more 78,4 of one thousand shopping facilities which total area constitutes 11,2 of mln sq.m is registered. Their greatest number is located in the cities of Almaty (10619), Astana (6107) and the Karaganda region (5326), the smallest – in the field of Ulytau (874) and Atyrau (1801) areas.

In the country 626 trade markets by the total area 7469, of thousand sq.m from which 64% – the universal markets, and 53,2 of % is located in the covered rooms function. The greatest number of the markets is concentrated in Turkestan (106) and Almaty (56) areas, and the smallest – in the field of Ulytau (7) and Pavlodar (16) areas.

According to local executive bodies in the country about 43 thousand of "shops at the house" function.

Deficit of warehousing capacit which exceeds 60% and leads to increase in delivery dates and logistic costs remains additional task. In the country 60 objects of trade and logistic infrastructure, including trade and logistic, transport and logistic and wholesale distribution centers of different capacity and appointment function.

These objects play key role in providing uninterrupted supply chains, warehousings, distributions and storages of food and nonfood products according to modern standards of logistics.

Besides, during 2025 - 2036 the construction of 42 objects of trade and logistic infrastructure is planned (in the cities of Astana – 2, Shymkent – 19, and also in areas Abay – 2, Zhet_su – 2, Almaty – 7, Aktyubinsk – 1, Atyrau – 1, East Kazakhstan – 2, Jambyl – 2, West Kazakhstan – 2, Kostanay – 1, Turkestan areas – 1).

The separate category is constituted by dry warehouses for storage of manufactured goods and building materials, container areas. Their quantity more than 50 units.

For the solution of these questions and transformation of trade in modern formats rules of domestic trade where mechanisms of conducting trade, including fairs and non-stationary trade are implemented are accepted. Standards for the markets, small retail networks, objects of public catering and electronic commerce are developed, mechanisms of identification and codification of goods are entered that promotes increase in transparency of trade, the program for rendering measures of the state support to subjects of domestic trade is started.

Stock exchange trading

In 2024 the total turnover of stock exchange trading constituted 1, 9 trillion tenge. From this amount 1, 1 trillion tenge were the share of trade in the standardized goods that constitutes 58,04 of % of total amount. Trade in not standardized goods constituted 823 billion tenges or 41,96 of %.

In Kazakhstan licensed of 9 commodity exchanges, at the same time 7 commodity exchanges (2 exchanges suspended the activities), at which 9445 sellers and 8411 buyers are registered function.

At the Kazakhstan commodity exchanges are traded the exchange goods included in the list of exchange goods approved by the order of the Minister of national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan of February 26, 2015 No. 142, among which: coal (stone and brown), wheat, sugar, barley, soy, potatoes, cotton, cement, carbon units, and also oil products (bitumen, gasolines, diesel fuel, fuel for jet engines).

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