of October 31, 2025 No. 553
About Rules of use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan
According to part 2 of article 14 of the Air code of the Republic of Tajikistan and article 57 of the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan "About regulatory legal acts" the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan decides:
1. Approve Rules of use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan (are applied).
2. To the agency of civil aviation under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan together with corresponding to the ministries and departments to take adequate measures on accomplishment of these rules.
3. Declare invalid the order of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan of September 5, 2002 No. 359 "About approval of Rules of use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan".
Prime Minister of the Republic of Tajikistan
Emomalii Rahmon
Approved by the Order of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan of October 31 of year No. 553
1. Rules of use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan (further - Rules) are developed on the basis of the Convention on the international civil aviation signed in the city of Chicago on December 7, 1944 and determine procedure for use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan taking into account interests of economy and defense of the Republic of Tajikistan, for the purpose of requirements satisfaction of airspace users, safety control of use of airspace.
2. In these rules the following determinations are used:
1) absolute altitude - distance down from mean level of the sea (MLS) to the level, point or the object accepted for point;
2) the absolute altitude of transition - the absolute altitude at which or below which the provision of the air vehicle in the vertical plane is maintained in values of absolute altitude;
3) the emergency notification - the notification of search and rescue services on air vehicles, in distress;
4) airfield - certain site terrestrial or surface of the water (including any buildings, constructions and the equipment), intended fully or partially for arrival, departure and movement on this surface of air vehicles;
5) airline hub - consolidation of close located areas of airfields (helidromes) which have general borders, and the organization of accomplishment of flights from which requires approval and coordinating;
6) aeronautical data - the data on airfields, airline hubs, elements of structure of airspace and means of radio engineering providing necessary for the organization and accomplishment of flights;
7) aeronautical information - information obtained as a result of selection, the analysis and formatting of aeronautical data;
8) aerostat - the lighter-than-air aircraft which is not set in motion by the power unit;
9) safety of use of airspace - the complex characteristic of established procedure of use of airspace determining it capability to provide accomplishment of all types of activity on use of airspace without threat of life and to human health, material damage to the state, citizens and legal entities;
10) pilotless aviation system (further – BAS) – the drone aircraft and the related elements (including the communication channels and components managing the drone aircraft) which are necessary for safe and effective operation of the drone aircraft in airspace;
11) the drone aircraft (further - BVS) – the air vehicle which is operated or is intended for independent operation and (or) distant control without pilot onboard;
12) side echeloning - dispersion of air vehicles at one height in case of the established distance intervals or angular displacement between their track lines;
13) vertical separation – dispersion of air vehicles on height on the established intervals;
14) take-off - flight stage from the moment of the beginning of accelerated motion of the air vehicle from standing start on earth's (water) or artificial surface (separation moment from the specified surface in case of vertical take-off) until set established heights and flight velocities in relation to the specific air vehicle;
15) visibility of flight - visibility from cabin of the air vehicle in flight;
16) visual flight of the drone aircraft - flight of the drone aircraft within direct visibility - flight during which the external pilot and (or) the observer of the drone aircraft support direct bepriborny visual contact with remotely piloting aircraft;
17) airway - the controlled airspace (or its part) in the form of corridor limited on height and width;
18) air traffic - air vehicles (flight vehicles) which are in flight or moving on the airfield maneuvering area;
19) airspace of free routing (Free Route Airspace) (further – FRA) - part of controlled airspace within which aircraft flight can be carried out along route with given accuracy of navigation between the main points published in documents of aeronautical information;
20) airspace of air traffic maintenance - airspace of certain sizes with alphabetic designation within which specific types of flights can be carried out, and for which types of air traffic maintenance and the rule of flights are determined;
21) air the judgment violator - the air vehicle (flight vehicle) which allowed violation of procedure for use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan or crossed Frontier of the Republic of Tajikistan with violation of statutory rules;
22) airway of flight of Frontier of the Republic of Tajikistan - the part of airspace over Frontier of the Republic of Tajikistan determined for crossing by its air vehicles which are carrying out the international flights;
23) the temporary mode - prohibition or restriction of use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan in its certain areas;
24) transition height - height established for transfer of scale of pressure of barometric altimeter into standard pressure in case of flight climb; airspace all interested users;
25) flight height - distance down from certain level to the air vehicle;
26) the Main center of the Single system of air traffic management of the Republic of Tajikistan (further - HZ of the EU of air traffic management) - the operational body of the Single system of air traffic management of the Republic of Tajikistan (further - the EU air traffic management) intended for planning and coordinating of use of airspace, air traffic management, providing allowing procedure for use of airspace, interaction with the principal operational organs of the EU to air traffic management of the adjacent states, control of observance of these rules within airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan and areas where responsibility for air traffic management is conferred on the Republic of Tajikistan;
27) horizontal echeloning - dispersion of air vehicles in horizontal plane on distance on the established intervals;
28) pressure of QNE - standard atmospheric pressure with in advance defined value of 760 mm of mercury column or 1013,2 of hPa establishing the single level of counting of barometric height;
29) pressure of QFE - atmospheric pressure at the level of exceeding of airfield (helidrome) (or landing strip threshold);
30) pressure of QNH of airfield - the atmospheric pressure in airfield specified to mean level of the sea (level of the Baltic Sea is hereinafter applied) on the standard atmosphere;
31) pressure of QNH of the region - atmospheric pressure, minimum of the actual pressures specified to mean level of the sea on the standard atmosphere within the region of flight information or its part;
32) the airship - the flight vehicle moving in the atmosphere by means of the power unit and managed on height, the direction, speed;
33) the dispatching area (CTA) – the controlled airspace stretching up from the border established over earth's surface;
34) controlled control zone (CTR) – the controlled airspace stretching up from earth's surface to the established upper bound;
35) dispatching servicing - services (management) provided for the purpose of collision avoidance between air vehicles and collisions of air vehicles with obstacles in the maneuvering area and also for the purpose of regulation of air traffic;
36) air traffic control clearance - permission to aircraft crew to be effective in accordance with the terms, finished by body of air traffic maintenance;
37) dispatching specifying - the directions of body of air traffic maintenance ordering to aircraft crew to perform specific action in specific situation;
38) the document of aeronautical information - the publication containing aeronautical information;
39) additional regular flight – the flight performed by airline in addition to the regular flight along the same aviaroute in one date;
40) the prohibited area - airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan of the established sizes within which use of airspace is forbidden, except as specified, provided by these rules;
41) zone of restriction of flights - airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan of the established sizes within which flights of air vehicles under certain conditions are limited;
42) the request for use of airspace for accomplishment of flights using BAS – the document of the established form submitted by airspace users for the purpose of safety control of implementation of the activities connected with use of airspace in case of accomplishment of flights using BAS;
43) the airspace area with obligatory maintaining radio communication (RMZ) – the airspace area of certain sizes in which when flying availability onboard the equipment for the maintaining two-way radio communication operated according to the established procedures is obligatory;
44) the airspace area for flights of BVS (UFZ – unmanned flight zone) – the special airspace area of certain sizes intended for accomplishment of flights of BVS;
45) zone of airfield movement (Aerodrome Traffic Zone) – the airspace of certain sizes around airfield established for safety control of airfield movement;
46) zone of restriction of flights - airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan of the established sizes within which flights of air vehicles are limited to certain conditions;
47) zone of restriction of flights of BVS – part of airspace of the established sizes over the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan within which flights of BVS are limited to certain conditions;
48) zone of flight information (FIZ) – part of the region of flight information in which borders the aerodrome flight information service (AFIS) or other body according to the delegated powers provides flight and information servicing and the emergency notification;
49) zone (area) of the EU of air traffic management - airspace of the established sizes within which operational bodies of the EU of air traffic management perform the functions;
50) zone (area) of responsibility – airspace of the established sizes within which bodies of air traffic maintenance (air traffic control) perform the functions;
51) the airspace area with the mandatory requirement of availability of person in charge (transponder) (TMZ) – the airspace area of certain sizes in which when flying equipment of air vehicles the person in charge of watch system operated according to the established procedures surely is required;
52) area navigation - the navigation method allowing air vehicles to carry out flights on any desirable trajectory within the action area of terrestrial or satellite navaids or in the limits determined by opportunities of autonomous means or their combinations;
53) the notification NOTAM - the message transferred on communication channels and containing information on condition of the aeronautical equipment, elements of structure of airspace, the timely prevention of which is important for the personnel connected with accomplishment of flights of air vehicles and also other aeronautical information;
54) use of airspace - activities in the course of which movement in airspace of different material objects (air vehicles, rockets and other objects) is performed and also other activities (construction of high-rise constructions, activities in the course of which there are electromagnetic and other radiations, emission in the atmosphere of the substances worsening visibility, carrying out explosive works, etc.);
55) controlled airfield - airfield in which dispatching servicing of airfield movement regardless of availability of control zone is provided;
56) controlled airspace - airspace of certain sizes within which dispatching servicing is provided;
57) checkpoint of airfield - the point determining the geographic location of airfield in the chosen coordinate system;
58) coordinating of use of airspace - the activities performed in planning process of use of airspace and servicing (management) of air traffic, directed to optimization of airspace depending on the developing air, airflow, aeronavigation situation and according to the state priorities in use of airspace;
59) the coordinating body of the EU of air traffic management - the Interdepartmental commission on use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan, (Regulations on the Single system of air traffic management of the Republic of Tajikistan (in edition of the orders of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan of June 3, 2013 No. 261 and of November 2, 2018 No. 536);
60) short-term restriction - prohibition or restriction of use of airspace for ensuring safe accomplishment of flights of air vehicles;
61) route of air traffic maintenance (further – route of Department of Internal Affairs) - the established route which is intended for movement direction of flow for the purpose of ensuring air traffic maintenance;
62) flight track - the projection of the set (established) flight path of the air vehicle to earth's (water) surface determined by ports of reference;
63) route of area navigation - the route of air traffic maintenance established for air vehicles which can apply area navigation;
64) the international airway - the airway open for the international flights;
65) local airline - the controlled airspace (below transition flight level) in the form of corridor limited on height and width;
66) the local mode - prohibition or restriction of use of airspace in certain regions of airspace of zone of the Single system;
67) nautical miles (mm) - the unit of length used in aerial navigation which is equal to length of great circle arc on surface of terrestrial globe of one minute of arc in size. One international nautical mile is equivalent 1852 meters;
68) the navigation based on characteristics (PBN) - the area navigation based on requirements to characteristics of the air vehicles which are carrying out en route flight of air traffic maintenance to instrument approach chart or weeds in the established airspace;
69) the navigation specification (RNAV, RNP) - set of the requirements to the air vehicle and flight crew necessary for flight servicing in the conditions of the navigation based on characteristics (PBN) within the established airspace;
70) NOTAM office - the structural division of the supplier of aeronautical servicing issuing the notice of NOTAM;
71) ice accretion - adjournment of ice on different parts of the air vehicle;
72) air traffic maintenance - flight and information servicing, the emergency notification, dispatching servicing;
73) the danger area - airspace of the established sizes within which during certain periods of time the activities constituting danger to flights of air vehicles can be performed;
74) operational bodies of the EU of air traffic management – the main center of the Single system of air traffic management, consisting of military and civil sectors:
- the regional centers of the EU air traffic management (dalee-RTs the EU air traffic management) consisting of military and (or) civil sectors;
- the auxiliary centers of the Single system of air traffic management of the Republic of Tajikistan (further - VTs air traffic management of the EU) consisting of military sectors;
- the bodies of air traffic maintenance of the civil airports, including republican value which are territorially combined with the regional (auxiliary) centers of the EU air traffic management;
75) air traffic management - provision to operators of air vehicles to adhere to the planned departure time and arrival, and also to maintain the most preferable profiles of flight in case of the minimum restrictions and without decrease in the established safety levels (further - air traffic management). Air traffic management includes:
- servicing (management) of air traffic;
- organization of flows of air traffic;
- airspace management for the purpose of ensuring servicing (management) of air traffic and the organization of flows of air traffic;
76) bodies of air traffic maintenance (flight management) the operational bodies of the EU of air traffic management providing:
- dispatching servicing;
- flight and information servicing;
- emergency notification;
77) bodies of antiaircraft protection (further – bodies of air defense) - operational bodies of Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan to which the task of execution of alert on antiaircraft protection is assigned;
78) specific mode of use of airspace - the special procedure for use of separate parts of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan established according to directives of the General Staff of Armed forces of the Republic of Tajikistan;
79) relative height - distance down from the specified datum level to the level, point or the object accepted for point;
80) the platform - the part of aerodrome movement area intended for placement of air vehicles for the purpose of landing (disembarkation) of passengers, loading (unloading) of mail or loads, gas station, the parking or maintenance;
81) the plan of use of airspace - the certain data on the planned activities represented to the centers of the EU by air traffic management;
82) glider – the heavier-than-air aircraft which is not set in motion by the power unit which lifting force is created generally due to aerodynamic reactions on the surfaces remaining motionless in these flight conditions;
83) planning of use of airspace – the activities performed for the purpose of providing allowing and notifying procedure for use of airspace, air traffic management, the organization of flows of air traffic by distribution of airspace in the place, time and height between its users according to the state priorities;
84) the airfield maneuvering area - part of airfield, excepting the platform (parking), intended for take-off, landing and taxing of air vehicles;
85) flight - movement of the air vehicle from start of the takeoff before the end of landing;
86) the repeating flight plan (RPL) – the flight plan connected with row of often repeating, regularly carried out separate flights with identical main features which are provided by the operator for storage and re-usable bodies of Department of Internal Affairs;
Weeds 87) within radio visibility (RLOS) – weeds BVS under which the transmitter(s) and the receiver(s) used for flight control are in limits of the action area of the joint communication link;
Weeds 88) outside radio visibility (BRLOS) – weeds BVS under which the transmitter(s) and the receiver(s) used for flight control are not in limits of the action area of the joint communication link;
Weeds 89) within direct visibility (VLOS) – flight type of BVS in case of which the external pilot or the operator can support permanent visual contact with BVS without assistance at distance no more than 500 meters from location of the external pilot or the operator across and to control flight path of BVS in relation to other air vehicles, people and obstacles in order to avoid collisions;
90) out-of-sight flight (BVLOS) – flight type of BVS in case of which BVS is out of permanent direct visual contact or outside distance at which the external pilot or the operator has opportunity to control location of BVS visually and flight path of BVS in relation to other air vehicles, people and obstacles in order to avoid collisions;
91) flight and information air traffic maintenance - servicing which purpose is provision of consultations and information for ensuring safe and effective implementation of flights;
92) airspace users - the physical persons and legal entities given in accordance with the established procedure the right to implementation of activities for use of airspace;
93) landing strip threshold - start of the segment of landing strip, intended for landing of air vehicles;
94) landing - flight stage from the moment of decelerated motion of the air vehicle from flare-out height (the beginning of braking in case of vertical landing) until contact of earth's, water or other surface and the end of run (throttling of the engine after landing in case of vertical landing);
95) representation on establishment of the temporary modes – the application for establishment of the temporary modes submitted by airspace users for introduction of prohibition or restriction of activities of other airspace users for the purpose of safety control of implementation of the activities connected with use of airspace;
96) filed flight plan (FPL) – the last flight plan provided by the pilot, the operator or his authorized representative for use by bodies of Department of Internal Affairs;
97) longitudinal echeloning - dispersion of air vehicles at one height on the established time distances or to distance along track line;
98) products of dual purpose – products which owing to the properties and technical features can be used for the purposes of creation of weapons of mass destruction and means of its delivery;
99) aerodrome movement area - the part of airfield consisting of the maneuvering area and the platform (parking);
100) one-time flight - any aircraft flight which is not scheduled flight;
101) permission to use of airspace - provision to the airspace user of the right to be effective in accordance with the terms, the finished centers of the EU with air traffic management;
102) allowing procedure for use of airspace - the general term meaning in appropriate cases procedure for provision to users of possibility of using of airspace and also procedure for issue of permissions to use of airspace;
103) the region of aerial works – the area designated by geographical coordinates within which aerial works are performed by air vehicles;
104) the terminal area (terminal control area) (TMA) – the dispatching area created in places of convergence of routes of air traffic maintenance in the neighborhood of one or several large airfields;
105) the region of airline hub - the part of airspace intended for the organization of accomplishment of local flights with 2 and more close located airfields;
106) the service area of air traffic (ACC) – airspace of the established sizes in which borders air traffic maintenance on airways and routes out of them is performed by the dispatcher of district dispatch center;
107) the district center - the operational body of the Single system intended for the organization of use of airspace in the region of the EU of air traffic management;
108) the region of flight information (FIR) - airspace of certain sizes within which flight and information servicing and the emergency notification are provided;
109) district dispatch center (dalee-RDTs) - part of body of Department of Internal Affairs, intended for ensuring dispatching servicing of controlled flights in dispatching areas;
110) estimated arrival time:
- in case of fly-by-wires – estimated arrival time of the air vehicle in the planned point designated by navaids with which accomplishment of maneuver of instrument landing approach is supposed, or in the absence of the navaid connected with this airfield – arrival time of the air vehicle to point over airfield;
- in case of accomplishment of VFR flights (further – PVP) – estimated arrival time of the air vehicle in point over airfield;
111) estimated time of blocks away – estimated time when the air vehicle begins the movement connected with departure;
112) communication the dispatcher - the pilot on air-ground data link - communicating device between the dispatcher and the pilot for the purpose of air traffic control with use of air-ground data link;
113) system of remote identification – the system providing local broadcast of information on BVS in the course of flight execution;
114) watch system of air traffic maintenance - systems of broadcasting automatic dependent surveillance, primary surveillance radar, secondary surveillance radar or any other ground (air) system allowing to identify the air vehicle and providing the level of aviation safety and the characteristic not worse provided with monopulse secondary surveillance radar;
115) the reduced vertical separation spacing (RVSM) - the vertical separation spacing applied in the range from flight level 290 to flight level 410 to aircraft separation, having the admission to flights using RVSM;
116) rectification of flight track - aircraft flight between the main points of the flight track specified in flight plan of the air vehicle in the presence of the air traffic control clearance issued by body of air traffic maintenance at the request of crew on condition of safety control of use of airspace;
117) the senior aviation chief - the service employee given the rights and obligations determined by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan. For airfields (helidromes) of the state and experimental aircraft, airfields of joint basing by the senior aviation chief of airfield (helidrome) the service employee designated by authorized body under which authority such airfield (helidrome) is is;
118) structure of airspace - set of the elements of airspace limited in vertical and horizontal plane intended for implementation of activities for use of airspace;
119) the current plan of flight – flight plan, including the possible changes caused by the subsequent air traffic control clearances;
120) nodes (bonds) – speed unit of measurement;
121) flight management - the actions of group of management of flights of the organizations of the state and experimental aircraft directed to timely and safe accomplishment by crews of air vehicles of flying missions;
122) flight level - provision being in aircraft flight in the vertical plane (relative height, absolute altitude or flight level);
123) feet (ft) - length unit of measurement;
124) echeloning - vertical, horizontal (longitudinal, side) dispersion of air vehicles in airspace on the established intervals;
125) transition flight level - the established echelon for transfer of scale of pressure of barometric altimeter from pressure (QNE) 760 mm.rt.st (Mbar 1013,2) on pressure of airfield (QFE) or minimum pressure specified to sea-level (QNH).
126) flight level - the surface of constant atmospheric pressure carried to normal setting of pressure of 760 mm of mercury column (hPa 1013,2) and remote from other such surfaces at size of the established pressure intervals.
3. Use of airspace in the areas which are outside the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan where responsibility for air traffic management and control of observance of interstate and international requirements conferred on the Republic of Tajikistan (standards, regulations and procedures) in the field of use of airspace and implementation of activities in the field of aircraft, is made according to the requirements established by the Convention on international civil aviation.
4. Use of airspace is made with the permission of the air traffic management corresponding center of the EU based on requests (schedules, schedules) submitted by airspace users with the message in bodies of the EU air traffic management, the Air Force and air defense of AF of the Republic of Tajikistan according to provisions of appendix No. 1 of these rules. The request and issue of permissions to use of airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan are made according to appendix No. 2 of these rules.
5. Use of airspace without receipt of the specified permission, except as specified, of stipulated in Item 207 these rules is forbidden.
6. The Ministry of Defence and Authorized state body in the field of civil aviation of the Republic of Tajikistan within the competence:
- develop drafts of the republican laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Tajikistan determining procedure for use of airspace, approve them with the interested republican executive bodies and represent to the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan;
- develop, claim, publish and bring to airspace users regulatory legal acts, the order, rules, provisions, instructions) concerning use of airspace;
- will organize control of observance of these rules.
7. The air vehicles equipped with the state radar-tracking system of identification of the Republic of Tajikistan carry out flights in airspace of the Republic of Tajikistan with the switched-on equipment of the state radar-tracking system of identification.
8. Use of airspace can be forbidden or limited according to these rules. (KVP RT Article 20, Item 2)
9. Airspace users have the right:
- on safety control, regularities and profitability of flights of air vehicles and other activities in airspace from the bodies responsible for aviation safety and aviation safety;
- on obtaining from bodies of air traffic maintenance of information on the activities connected with use of airspace concerning it posing safety hazard of activities of this user;
10. Airspace users shall:
- perform the activities in airspace according to requirements of the Air code of the Republic of Tajikistan, the these rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Tajikistan regulating use of airspace;
- to timely submit applications (schedules, schedules) for use of airspace;
- perform the activities in airspace only later, receipts of the corresponding permission from the centers of the EU of air traffic management and according to the conditions stated in it, except as specified implementation of aerial works, demonstration flights of air vehicles, parachute jumps, raising of fastened aerostats over settlements the centers of the EU issue to air traffic management permissions to use of airspace according to the procedure, established by these rules, in the presence at airspace users of permissions of executive bodies and local authorities;
- to timely report about the beginning and the end of use of airspace in the relevant operational organs of the EU air traffic management, the Air Force and antiaircraft protection of the Republic of Tajikistan (further - the Air Force and air defense of AF of RT);
- assist bodies of Department of Internal Affairs in implementation of search and rescue works, and also in case of assistance to in the distress or injured air vehicles;
- apply the established types and forms of messages on use of airspace;
- use officially the published documents of aeronautical information.
11. These rules are obligatory for execution of the government of the Republic of Tajikistan by all central and local executive bodies, airspace users, and also bodies of air traffic maintenance (management of flights).
12. The organization and coordination of use of airspace are performed authorized by state bodies in the field of the state aircraft, bodies of the Single system of air traffic management and bodies of air traffic maintenance (flight management) of airspace users in the zones and areas established for them according to the procedure, established by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan (BK PT Article 17, Item 3).
13. The structure of airspace is developed by authorized state body in the field of civil aviation together with authorized state body in the field of the state aircraft and affirms the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan.
14. Border of the Dushanbe area of the Single system of air traffic management of the Republic of Tajikistan (EU air traffic management): geographical point 392900 northern latitudes 0734000 east longitudes, further on frontier with People's Republic of China to geographical point 371406 northern latitudes 0745242 east longitudes, further on frontier with Afghanistan to geographical point 371105 northern latitudes 0674723 east longitudes, further on frontier with the Republic of Uzbekistan to geographical point 401324 northern latitudes 0705906 east longitudes, further on frontier from the Kyrgyz Republic to geographical point 392900 northern latitudes 0734000 east longitudes.
15. The organization of use of airspace is performed by bodies of the Single system of air traffic management and bodies of servicing (management) of air traffic of the Republic of Tajikistan, and also bodies of airspace users - bodies of servicing (management) of air traffic in the zones and the regions of the EU of air traffic management established for them according to the procedure, determined by these rules.
16. Interaction between bodies of servicing (management) of air traffic is performed on communication channels of the Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Tajikistan, authorized body in the field of civil aviation, and also on the communication channels leased from telecom operators under approval of Communications department under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, other republican executive bodies and organizations. Shutdown of communication channels of interaction between bodies of servicing (management) of air traffic is forbidden.
17. Airspace shares on upper and lower. Border of the lower and upper space is the flight level 290, which belongs to the upper airspace. The structure of airspace includes the following elements:
- regions (zones) of flight information and dispatching areas;);
- routes of air traffic maintenance;
- areas of airfields (airline hubs, helidromes);
- terminal control areas, control zones and zones of airfield movement;
- routes of flights of air vehicles;
Disclaimer! This text was translated by AI translator and is not a valid juridical document. No warranty. No claim. More info
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