ORDER OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

of June 18, 1996 No. 745

About approval of Single rules of development of oil and gas fields of the Republic of Kazakhstan

For the purpose of implementation of the Presidential decree of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the valid law, of June 28, 1995 N 2350 "About oil" the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan decides:

1. Approve Single rules of development of oil and gas fields of the Republic of Kazakhstan (are applied).

2. To subsoil users in case of development of oil and gas fields to be guided by the called Single rules.

3. Oil N of the gas industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan to provide to the ministry control of accomplishment of the provisions provided in Single rules of development of oil and gas fields in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

 

Approved by the order of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan of June 18, 1996 No. 745

Single rules of development of oil and gas fields of the Republic of Kazakhstan

INTRODUCTION

Single rules of development of oil and gas fields of the Republic of Kazakhstan (further - Rules) are developed for the first time.

Rules establish the main regulations and requirements to all stages of development and industrial development of the oil and gas fields located in the Republic of Kazakhstan to geological studying of fields, calculation and stock accounting, designing and creation on fields of rational systems of development, to construction and operation of wells of all categories and necessary trade constructions, development process management, protection of subsoil and the surrounding environment.

Rules are prepared according to the Presidential decrees of the Republic of Kazakhstan which are valid the Law: of April 17, 1995 N 2200 "About licensing", of June 28, 1995 N 2350 "About oil", of January 27, 1996 N 2828 "About subsoil and subsurface use" both others legislative and regulations.

The sequence of works on designing and the corresponding accomplishment of transactions is determined by industrial development of fields in Rules, proceeding from objective conditions of gradual receipt of information and disaggregation of ideas of deposits during all long period, since searches and finishing completion of their development. With respect thereto need of two-triple designing, accomplishment of designer's service and analyses of development with change, if necessary, of earlier made technology solutions and entering of the corresponding amendments into contracts (agreements) is provided.

1. PREPARATION OF FIELDS OF HYDROCARBONS FOR DEVELOPMENT

1.1. Fields of hydrocarbons

1.1.1. The field of hydrocarbons is one or several deposits, dated territorially for one area and connected with favorable tectonic structure or with other types of traps.

1.1.2. The deposit is understood as accumulation of hydrocarbons in the natural single hydrogasdynamic reservoir dated for one layer collector, two-three and more reported layers collectors of section or for big thickness of breeds collectors of the field. The quantity of deposits in geological section of the field can correspond, to amount of productive layers or to be less it.

1.1.3. On start natural phase state of hydrocarbons in subsoil of deposit are subdivided on single-phase and two-phase.

Treat single-phase:

the oil pools containing only oil with the gas dissolved in it; the gas deposits containing only natural gas consisting of low-molecular hydrocarbons;

the gas-condensate seals containing gas with hydrocarbon condensate in gas condition.

Two-phase deposits in initial natural type contain in layers at the same time oil and the free gas lying over oil in the form of the heading. Depending on share of amount of petrosaturated part of Vn from the total amount of deposit of hydrocarbons in general treat two-phase deposits:

oil with the gas or gas-condensate heading in case of Vn>0,75;

gas-oil or gas-condensate and oil in case of 0,5

oil and gas or oil-gas condensate in case of 0,25

gas or gas-condensate with oil delay in case of Vn

For two-phase deposits the initial system of development is guided by first-priority extraction of phase with the prevailing size of inventories.

1.2. Receipt of initial information on deposits of hydrocarbons by preparation for development

1.2.1. Preparation of fields for development provides:

availability of licenses for carrying out investigation and/or hydrocarbon production;

carrying out prospecting works;

carrying out test operation;

creation of static geological models of deposits of hydrocarbons;

stock counting of hydrocarbons.

1.2.2. Investigation includes field geologic-geophysical surveys, structural drilling, drilling, approbation and testing of search and exploratory wells.

In the course of investigation on oil and gas-oil fields test operation of wells is carried out.

In the course of these works collection and accumulating of initial information for creation of static models of deposits of hydrocarbons, stock counting and the subsequent designing of industrial development of deposits and fields is performed.

1.2.3. Requirements to exploration works and study of fields and deposits of hydrocarbons by preparation them to development are determined by the Instruction about content, registration and procedure for submission to the State Commission on Mineral Reserves of materials by stock counting of oil and combustible gases and

Classification of inventories of fields, perspective and forecast resources of oil and natural gas.

1.2.4. Investigation is conducted on specially approved project in which are proved quantity, location and terms of well-drilling solved by them tasks, complex and amounts of necessary researches. Types of researches in the course of drilling are determined by the geological and technical job specification constituted for each exploratory well individually.

The obtained data shall be sufficient for reliable reasons for standards, stock counting with their approval in accordance with the established procedure and for development designing.

1.2.5. On the field in general in the course of investigation shall be studied:

litologo-stratigrafichesky section, provision in it oil-and-gas productive layers and impervious Sections, the main patterns in the conditions of bedding of productive layers;

the hydrogeological characteristic of section of the field with allocation of water-pressure systems and the description of physical and chemical properties of waters of all water-bearing layers;

characteristic of tires of deposits, their material structure and properties;

the thermobaric patterns by the field.

On each deposit shall be established:

tectonic structure of deposit;

general, effective and oil and gas saturated thickness of productive layers and their change in limits of deposits;

lithologic properties of breeds, structure of capacity amount of collectors;

filtration-capacitive properties of breeds collectors, their variability in volume of deposits;

initial and residual oil-and-gas saturation of productive layers;

superficial properties of productive layers (hydrophily, water repellency);

replacement coefficients on productive layers;

values of relative phase pronitsayemost of breeds collectors for oil, gas and water depending on their equity content;

conditions of occurrence of oil, gas, condensate in productive units;

sizes of initial reservoir pressures and temperatures;

physical and chemical properties of reservoir oil according to differential and contact razgazirovaniye (oil saturation pressure gas, gas content, density, viscosity, volume coefficient and szhigayemost in bedded conditions, coefficient of the shrinkage and others);

physical and chemical properties of oil, razgazirovanny to standard conditions (density, kinematic viscosity, molecular weight, temperatures of the beginning of boiling and hardening, oil saturation temperature paraffin, percentage of paraffin, asphaltenes, silica gel pitches, sulfurs, fractional and component structures);

average signs of coefficients of heat conductivity, specific thermal resistance, specific heat of breeds and their saturated liquids (for deposits with the increased and high viscosity);

physical and chemical properties of gas in bedded conditions (component structure, density by air, compressibility);

physical and chemical properties of condensate (shrinkage of crude condensate, density, molecular mass, beginning and end of boiling of stable condensate, component structure and fractional, paraffin content, sulfurs, pitches).

The listed data receive according to well-drilling, approbation of layers when drilling, geophysical surveys borehole and field, lithologic studying of breeds, laboratory research of properties of hydrocarbons on the basis of information generalized for all stage of exploration.

Number of the major characteristics of deposits receive in case of test operation of deposit and testing of exploratory wells.

1.2.6. According to the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "About protection of the surrounding environment" in the course of investigation superficial conditions are studied (relief, availability of reservoirs, the prohibited area and others), water supply sources for ensuring activities of the gas and oil producing organizations are found, the absorbing horizons for dumping of industrial and other sewage come to light by the field, the source of raw materials of construction materials is estimated.

1.2.7. In reserved zones and in other protected territories conducting exploration is allowed in coordination with the relevant state bodies.

1.2.8. Testing of exploratory wells provides the organization of oil extraction from them up to three months with carrying out complex of trade and geological and hydrodynamic researches and with obligatory realization of the extracted oil. At the same time obtain the following data:

initial reservoir pressure and temperature;

outputs of wells and bottomhole pressure, possible in the conditions of the subsequent development;

general for each well and specific (that is on 1 m of petrosaturated thickness) coefficients of productivity of research of the horizons on oil and liquid;

average for the drained part of the horizon permeability coefficient;

coefficient of conductivity of the horizon;

gas-pro-water content coefficient;

piezoconductivity coefficient.

1.2.9. Test operation of deposits of hydrocarbons is carried out on oil and gas-oil fields in the presence of the license for oil extraction and provides temporary operation of the drilled exploratory wells. If necessary the advancing extracting and delivery wells on sites of deposits with category C1 inventories can be drilled and put into operation.

Terms of test operation, just as its need, are determined by Competent authority.

The purpose of test operation of deposits of hydrocarbons is refining available and receipt of the additional information about geological physical characteristic of deposits, conditions of bedding of hydrocarbons, productivity of wells.

Test operation of deposits of hydrocarbons is carried out on the special project approved in accordance with the established procedure which is developed on the basis of operational inventories of hydrocarbons.

It is provided in the project of test operation of deposits of hydrocarbons:

the list of the exploratory wells put into operation, quantity and location of the advancing extracting and delivery wells;

complex of geologic-geophysical and hydrodynamic well surveys, laboratory researches of core and formation fluids;

choice of effective methods of opening of layers and development of wells;

studying of susceptibility of delivery wells;

approximate levels of production of oil for test operation of deposits of hydrocarbons.

Besides, test operation of deposits of hydrocarbons allows to determine:

effective technology of development of delivery wells under downloading the agent who is forcing out oil (most often - waters);

the possible modes of operation of delivery wells (forcing pressure, susceptibility, requirements to the forced agent, methods of cleaning of wells and others);

nature of interaction of delivery and production wells;

the geological and physical reasons complicating impact process (variability of conditions of bedding and permeability of layers, insufficient activity of impact and so on);

change of reservoir pressure and outputs in use.

As testing of wells and test operation of deposits are part of prospecting stage the oil received during these periods from wells it is necessary to consider production in case of investigation unlike production in case of development which is considered from the moment of the beginning of realization of the designed system of development.

Deposits of the small sizes with the simple favorable geological field characteristic can be brought into industrial development, passing stage of their test operation.

1.2.10. Projects of test operation of deposits are constituted by the domestic and foreign institutes having the corresponding experience on implementation of such works and affirm in accordance with the established procedure.

1.2.11. The static geological field model of deposit of hydrocarbons represents reflection of set of geological physical properties of natural object - the deposit which is in the initial, not affected by development condition and is basis for stock counting and designing of development.

The static geological field model of deposit by systematization and complex generalization of all various information obtained directly during the drilling and well survey and indirect way (seismic researches, aerokosmosjemka and others) at all stages of exploration works and developments of deposits (operational objects) with consecutive disaggregation is constituted and specified.

Basis of static geological field model of deposit of hydrocarbons are the geometrization methods allowing to display by creation of different geological schemes, cards, profile cuts features and details of structure of the object and conditions of bedding of hydrocarbons in subsoil. The obligatory geological graphics in case of geometrization of deposits is among:

schemes of detailed correlation of cuts of wells; reliability of all other graphical creations in many respects depends on quality of accomplishment of correlation;

detailed geological profiles of productive part of section in the most characteristic directions: with drawing provision of contacts between oil, gas, water (water oil, gas-oil, gas-water contacts) and perforation intervals;

structural maps or cards of surfaces of roof and sole of collectors of the studied object with drawing external and internal contours of oil-bearing capacity and gas content, zones of wedging out or facial substitution of layers, and also lines of tectonic violations (in case of their availability);

cards of general, effective and oil and gas saturated thickness.

Except geological graphics, obligatory component of static geological field model of deposit of hydrocarbons are data with the characteristic:

natural mode, energy opportunities of object, initial reservoir pressure, pressure of saturation and retrograde loss of condensate and others;

material structure of the breeds composing object, mineral composition of grains of skeleton, composition of cement, shaliness, calcareousness and others;

filtration-capacitive properties of breeds collectors - porosity, permeability neftegazo-and water saturation and other structure of material amount;

quantitative assessment of inhomogeneity of productive layers, raschlenennost, intermittence, sandiness, variability of permeability; properties of formation fluids, viscosity of reservoir oil, gas saturation, paraffin content in oil and condensate in gas and others.

1.3. Stock counting of hydrocarbons and the accompanying components

1.3.1. Inventories of hydrocarbons - the mass of oil, condensate and passing components and gas amount in the revealed, reconnoitered and developed deposits specified to standard (0,1 of MPa and 20 ° C) to conditions.

1.3.2. The inventories of oil, gas, condensate which are in subsoil are called geological.

1.3.3. The geological inventories revealed in fields of hydrocarbons are subdivided into two groups: profitable (taken) and unprofitable.

1.3.4. Profitable (taken) - inventories which extraction is economically reasonable when using of the modern approved technologies and the equipment with observance of requirements for protection of subsoil and the surrounding environment. This part of geological inventories is determined by coefficients of oil recovery, gas and condensate.

1.3.5. Unprofitable - inventories and resources which extraction is economically inexpedient now.

1.3.6. Stock counting of oil and gas is usually made upon termination of each of stages of exploration works and in the course of development:

after discovery of the field of hydrocarbons, that is upon completion of search stage - quickly;

upon completion of stage of assessment of fields of hydrocarbons - with approval of inventories of large-scale and unique deposits state examination, and on the others - quickly;

upon completion of all stage of investigation with test operation of deposit - with approval of inventories state examination;

after operational drilling of fields according to the first project document for development (according to the technological scheme of development of oil field and on the project of trial operation of the gas field) - with approval of inventories state examination in case of change of earlier approved inventories more than for 20 percent.

1.3.7. Calculation and stock accounting of oil, gas, condensate and the components containing in them having industrial value at all stages of study are made mainly by volume method with attraction, if necessary and opportunities, other known and created methods.

1.3.8. In the presence of the deposits of oil of the small sizes this to test operation assessment of inventories of oil at stages of investigation can be performed by the methods based on the principle of material balance (for gas - method of fall of reservoir pressure), for the purpose of determination of scale of inventories of the studied haulout.

1.3.9. Calculation and accounting of geological inventories of oil, gas and the components containing in them at different stages of study are made with different extent of their differentiation:

Disclaimer! This text was translated by AI translator and is not a valid juridical document. No warranty. No claim. More info