CONVENTION OF UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION

of November 20, 1989

About the child's rights

Preamble

The State Parties of this Convention, considering what according to the principles proclaimed in Articles of organization of the United Nations, recognition of inherent advantage, the equal and inalienable rights of all members of society is basis of ensuring freedom, justice and world on the earth,

in view of that the people of the United Nations confirmed the belief in fundamental human rights, in advantage and value of the human person in the Charter and are full of determination to promote social progress and improvement of living conditions in case of bigger freedom,

recognizing that the United Nations in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in International covenants on human rights proclaimed and agreed that each person shall have all rights and freedoms specified in them without any distinction on such signs as race, skin color, floor, language, religion, political or other convictions, national or social origin, property status, the birth or other circumstances

reminding that the United Nations in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed that children have the right to special care and the help,

convinced that for growth and wellbeing of all her members and especially children necessary protection and assistance it could assign completely to itself obligations within society shall be provided to family as the main cell of society and natural environment,

recognizing that the child for complete and harmonious development of his personality needs to grow in family environment, in the atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding,

considering that the child shall be completely prepared for independent life in society and is brought up in the spirit of the ideals proclaimed in Articles of organization of the United Nations, and especially in the spirit of the world, advantage, tolerance, freedom, equality and solidarity

in view of that need for such special protection of the child was provided in the Geneva declaration of the rights of the child of 1924 and the Declaration of the rights of the child adopted by the General Assembly on November 20, 1959 and is acknowledged in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (in particular, in Articles 23 and 24), in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (in particular, in Article 10), and also in charters and the relevant documents of the specialized agencies and international organizations dealing with issues of wellbeing of children

in view of that as it is specified in the Declaration of the rights of the child, "the child, in view of his physical and intellectual immaturity, needs special protection and care, including proper legal protection, both to, and after the birth",

referring to provisions of the Declaration on the social and legal principles concerning protection and wellbeing of children, especially by transfer of children on education and their adoption at the national and international levels, United Nations standard minimum rules concerning administration of law concerning minors ("The Beijing rules") and Declarations on protection of women and children in force majeure and during armed conflicts

recognizing that worldwide there are children living in exclusively difficult conditions and that such children need special attention

considering properly importance of traditions and cultural values of each people for protection and harmonious development of the child,

recognizing importance of international cooperation for improvement of living conditions of children in each country, in particular in developing countries,

agreed as follows:

Part I

Article 1

For the purposes of this Convention child is each human being before achievement of 18-year age if under the law applicable to this child, it does not reach age of majority earlier.

Article 2

1. The State Parties are respected and provide all rights provided by this Convention for each child who is in limits of their jurisdiction without any discrimination, irrespective of race, skin color, sex, language, religion, political or other convictions, national, ethnic or social origin, property status, the state of health and the birth of the child, his parents or legal guardians or any other circumstances.

2. The State Parties take all necessary measures for ensuring protection of the child against all forms of discrimination or punishment on the basis of the status, activities, the expressed views or beliefs of the child, parents of the child, legal guardians or other family members.

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