LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

of February 3, 2009 No. 10-XVI

About the state supervision of public health

The Parliament adopts this organic law.

Chapter I. General provisions

Article 1. Subject and purpose of the law

(1) This law regulates the organization of the state supervision of public health, establishing general requirements to public health, the rights and obligations of physical persons and legal entities, procedure for the organization of system of the state supervision of public health.

(2) the Purpose of this law is providing optimal conditions for the maximum realization of potential of health of each individual throughout all life by means of organized efforts of society on the prevention of diseases, protection and promotion of health of the population, improvement of quality of life.

Article 2. Basic concepts

For the purpose of this law the following basic concepts are determined:

sanitary literacy - set of the knowledge and skills which are saved up by generations as a result of the social activities and interaction caused by availability of resources, allowing people to get access, to understand and use information and services for the promotion and other people of health and wellbeing;

competent authority of supervision of public health - the legal entity subordinated to the Ministry of Health performing technical and methodological coordination of industry activities for the purpose of reasons, developments and strategy implementations of protection and promotion of health, the prevention and control of the transmitted and not transmitted diseases, and also the politician in specific areas of public health at the national and/or territorial levels;

sanitary authorization - the procedure of official assessment of products, services and activities from the point of view of their impact on health;

sanitary permission to functioning - the act issued according to the law competent authority of supervision of public health, confirming compliance to the sanitary legislation of one or several types of activity performed by business entity;

the sanitary conclusion - the act issued according to the law competent authority of supervision of public health, confirming compliance of processes, services or products to the sanitary legislation;

biosafety - set of the principles, technologies and the practician applied to ensuring protection, control and accounting of the biological material and/or the equipment connected with its processing;

biosecurity - set of the principles, technologies and the practician on isolation applied to prevention of inadvertent impact of biological agents or their accidental release;

contagious disease - the infectious disease which is transmitted from the person to the person or from animal to the person;

infectious disease - the disease caused by live organism or other pathogenic agent including fungi, bacteria, parasites, protozoa or viruses which can be transferred or not be transferred from the person to the person or from animal to the person;

not transmitted disease - the disease of the person caused by determinants of the state of health which is not transmitted from the person to the person or from animal to the person;

occupational disease - the deterioration in health resulting from harmful effects of the physical, chemical or biological factors characteristic of place of employment or as a result of overload of some bodies or systems of human body owing to any occupation or implementation of professional activity;

the transmitted disease - the disease extending among people and/or animals by direct or indirect transfer from the subject to the subject, caused, as a rule, by live organisms and/or products of their metabolism;

quarantine - movement restriction, isolation and/or department from other people of persons suspected of contamination who are not patients, or the baggage, containers, vehicles, values suspected of infectiousness so that to prevent possible spread of infection or infection;

the registration certificate - the allowing document which the competent authority on the state supervision of public health registers placement in the market and use of product or category of products;

the state control in the field of public health - the activities performed by competent authority of supervision of public health within supervision for the purpose of the prevention, identification and elimination of violations of the sanitary legislation by physical persons and legal entities;

determinants of the state of health - the factors causing the state of health of the population: social and economic, biological, the environment, behavioural, and also customs, providing services in the field of health, their quality and availability;

risks assessment for health - assessment of level in case of which exposure to the risk factors connected with the environment, life, work and rest and caused by individual and collective lifestyle influences the state of health of the population;

sanitary examination - project evaluation, product, service for the purpose of determination of their compliance to requirements of the sanitary regulations and standard rates approved in accordance with the established procedure;

- capability of system of public health, including medical authorities, bodies of public management, communities and individuals to prevent readiness for urgent situations in public health urgent situations in public health, to be protected in the conditions of those, to react quickly to them and to be recovered after them;

sharp exogenous nonprofessional intoxication of chemical etiology - the pathological condition of human body caused by one or several external chemicals (drugs, means of phytosanitary appointment, alcohol, gases, detergents, etc.) which got is free or involuntarily in human body in the doses capable to break its vital functions, in living or other conditions and circumstances, except for workplace;

isolation - physical department of individual or group of the individuals infected or concerning which based on some assumptions there are suspicions that they are infected contagious or, perhaps, contagious disease, from other persons for the purpose of the prevention or restriction of transfer of disease to healthy faces;

state registration - form of sanitary authorization of products making impact on public health to which verification process and estimates precedes, and coming to the end with issue of the registration certificate and entering of these products into the corresponding register then its placement in the market and proper use is allowed;

actions in the field of public health - the administrative, technical, medical and sanitary, veterinary and other measures directed to health protection, the prevention of diseases and promotion of health;

the sanitary standard rate - minimum and/or the most admissible qualitative and/or quantitative index established based on risk assessment researches which differentiates values of determinants of the state of health from the point of view of their harmlessness and safety for health and human life;

the notification - the procedure of informing competent authority of the state supervision of public health on placement in the market of product or service and their characteristics important from the point of view of providing public health;

the sanitary instruction - the act of competent authority of supervision of public health issued according to the law which establishes requirements for elimination of violations of the sanitary legislation and/or for holding actions in the field of public health;

the prevention of diseases - the actions taken in first-priority procedure concerning individual, directed to the prevention or decrease in probability of origin of the transmitted and not transmitted diseases, their distribution and/or on prevention of recurrence and complications;

primary prevention - the events held for the purpose of creation of the circumstances reducing risk of emergence of any disease at the population;

the secondary prevention - the actions directed to early detection of some diseases and the prevention of their distribution in community;

the principle of precaution - the tool by means of which the competent authority of supervision of public health makes decisions and performs intervention in cases of establishment of availability of potential risk for health of the population in the conditions of the insufficient scientific argumentation;

health profile - assessment of the state of health of the population and the factors determining it which is carried out at the level of territorial administrative unit for the purpose of development of actions for improvement of the state of health of the population

promotion of health - process of expansion of opportunities of people in individual and collective procedure for the purpose of strengthening of control of the factors causing the state of health, and improvements thus of the state of health of the population by them;

health protection - set of the actions directed to enforcement of legal and other regulations for the purpose of guaranteeing safety and preserving health of the population;

sanitary regulations - the regulation establishing rules and regulations of binding character in the field of public health;

antimicrobic stability - capability of microorganism to resist to impact of the antimicrobic agent;

risk for health - probability to be endangered, connected with natural, technogenic, biological and social factors, with the effects of their impact which are expressed in adverse effect on health and weight of this influence;

individual health - condition of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not just absence of diseases or physical defects (mutilation or disease);

professional health - the field of activity in the field of health care connected with promotion and maintenance of the highest level of physical, mental and social wellbeing of all workers irrespective of profession;

public health - set scientific and practical, legislative, organizational, administrative and other sort of the actions directed to promotion of health, the prevention of diseases and prolongation of life by efforts and the informed choice of society, public and private communities and individuals;

services in the field of public health - the activities directed to promotion of health, prolongation of life and the prevention of diseases within health care industry, oriented to the population;

the mode of urgent situation in public health - complex of actions of administrative, economic, medical, social nature and on maintenance of public order, established temporarily in some settlements or in the territory of all country in case of threat of origin or emergence of urgent situation in public health for the purpose of the prevention, reduction and liquidation of its effects;

the state supervision of public health - the measures taken on behalf of the state directed to permanent collection, the analysis, interpretation and distribution of data on the state of health of the population and the factors causing it and also measures of the state control of public health based on which priorities of public health are determined and are established actions in the field of public health;

urgent situation in public health - origin or real threat of spread of disease or problem for health which assume high probability of large number of death and/or large number of mutilations among affected population, or broad impact of the biological, chemical or physical agent who can cause in the future significant risks for large number of persons among affected population.

Article 3. The basic principles of state policy in the field of public health

The basic principles of state policy in the field of public health are:

1) ensuring with the state supervision of public health by coordination and implementation of monitoring of efforts of society in the field;

2) ensuring fair access to services in the field of public health for all citizens of the country;

3) responsibility of individual and society in general for public health;

4) active partnership with communities and with the central and local authorities of public management;

5) focusing on primary and secondary prevention and needs of communities and population groups;

6) care of determinants of the state of health: social, environment, behavioural;

7) multi-profile and intersectoral approach with accurate distribution of responsibility;

8) decision making on the basis of scientific proofs and/or recommendations of the competent international organizations;

9) use of the principle of precaution in specific conditions;

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