Approved by the Industry ministry and trade of the Republic of Moldova of August 19, 1997 in No. 19

Methodical instructions for the cost accounting of the address in public catering, wholesale and retail trade

I. General provisions

1. Methodical instructions are developed and approved according to the Order of the Government of the Republic of Moldova of June 2, 1993 N 340 "About approval of Basic provisions on structure of production costs and sales of products (works, services) included in its cost and about procedure for forming of financial results of the companies" with the orders of the Government of the Republic of Moldova made by additions N 148 of 20.04.1994, N 953 of 28.12.1994, N 527 of 26.07.1995, N 342 of 21.06.1996 in the Order of the Government of the Republic of Moldova N 340 for the purpose of providing single technique of determination of structure of costs during the accounting and calculation of distribution costs and productions in public catering, wholesale and retail trade.

These Methodical instructions are applied by all trade enterprises and the organizations, irrespective of departmental accessory and patterns of ownership if other recommendations are not developed in accordance with the established procedure for them by governing bodies.

2. These Methodical instructions for the cost accounting of the address in public catering, wholesale and retail trade become effective since October 1, 1997.

3. Distribution costs in trade are the costs connected with finishing goods from production to consumers.

Sizes of distribution costs are characterized by their absolute amount and their percentage level to goods turnover.

The cost level of the address is one of the major indicators characterizing quality of work of trade enterprises and public catering.

The expenses connected with purchase, transportation, storage, side job, subsorting, packaging and sales of goods belong to distribution costs (in trade); in public catering, besides with production of own products (except costs of raw materials which cost does not belong to distribution costs), sale of self-produced products, the organization of their consumption.

Differentiation of expenses between the accounting periods is of great importance for control and the correct cost accounting of the address.

For this purpose all expenses are subject to reflection on the account of "Distribution costs" in that period which they treat irrespective of time of their actual payment. Therefore the actual expenses relating to future period shall be considered on account N 31 "Deferred expenses" and be charged monthly off this account into the cost account of the address in the amount relating to month under report.

Expenses which were made during the last accounting periods and timely were not considered as a part of distribution costs, belong on the relevant articles of costs in that month under report in which they are revealed.

Some repair expenses of fixed assets, etc. within year are made unevenly (not monthly) therefore, for the purpose of uniform reflection of these expenses on distribution costs, it is necessary to create monthly reserve of the forthcoming expenses under the relevant articles, in certain amounts, according to the approved standard rates with their reflection on the debit of the relevant articles of costs and the credit of account N 89 "Reserve of the forthcoming expenses and payments".

Actual expenses (on the making moment) belong on the debit of account 89 in that month under report in which they are made, and to the credit of the corresponding accounts. If actual expenses exceed the amount of the added reserve, then the amount of exceeding to belong on the relevant articles of distribution costs.

The correct differentiation in the expense accounting, being distribution costs, and expenses which shall be charged to other sources is of great importance.

II. Structure of the costs included in distribution costs of public catering, wholesale and retail trade

Distribution costs the expenses provided by Items 6, of 7, of 9, 10 and 11 "Basic provisions on structure of production costs and sales of products (works, services) included in its cost, and about procedure for forming of financial results of the companies", approved by the Order of the Government of the Republic of Moldova of June 2, 1993 N 340, and the orders of the Government of the Republic of Moldova made by additions N 148 of 20.04.1994, N 953 of 28.12.1994, N 527 of 26.07.1995, N 342 of 21.06.1996, and also specific expenses of trade enterprises and public catering are included.

All expenses connected with acquisition and sales of goods (except for socially important), belong on distribution costs.

On socially important goods the following procedure for cost recovery, connected with acquisition and sales of goods is established: on the exported goods of costs belong on distribution costs; on the imported goods realized in the territory of the republic, transportation expenses on delivery of products from the supplier to the destination, the paid customs fees and the state fees join in the goods price;

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