FEDERAL LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

of December 13, 1996 No. 150-FZ

About weapon

Accepted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation on November 13, 1996

This Federal Law regulates the legal relationship arising in case of turnover of civil, office, and also military person-portable small and cold weapon in the territory of the Russian Federation, is directed to protection of life and health of citizens, property, ensuring public safety, conservation and natural resources, ensuring development of the sports connected with use of sports weapon, strengthening international cooperation in fight against crime and illegal distribution of weapon.

Provisions of this Federal Law extend also to turnover of ammunition and cartridges to weapon.

Article 1. The basic concepts applied in this Federal Law

For the purposes of this Federal Law the following basic concepts are applied:

weapon - the devices and objects which are structurally intended for defeat of live or other purpose, giving of signals;

firearms - the weapon intended for mechanical defeat of the purpose at distance by the metayemy equipment receiving directed movement due to energy of powder or other charge;

the main parts of firearms - trunk, lock, drum, frame, receiver;

cold weapon - the weapon intended for defeat of the purpose by means of the muscular strength of the person in case of direct contact with object of defeat;

throwing weapon - the weapon intended for defeat of the purpose at distance metayemy with use of muscular strength of the person (throwing broskovy weapon), and also the weapon intended for defeat of the purpose at distance by shells, metayemy with use of mechanical energy (throwing small arms);

pneumatic weapon - the weapon intended for defeat of the purpose at distance by the shell receiving directed movement due to energy of the compressed, liquefied or cured gas;

gas weapon - the weapon intended for temporary chemical defeat of the live purpose by use of the tear or irritating substances;

ammunition - the objects of arms and metayemy equipment intended for defeat of the purpose and containing explosive, throwing, pyrotechnic or vyshibny charges or their combination;

the boss - the device intended for shot from weapon, combining in single whole by means of sleeve of means of initiation, propellant powder and metayemy equipment;

alarm weapon - the weapon which is structurally intended only for giving of light, smoke or sound signals;

traffic in weapons and the main parts of firearms (further - weapon) - production of weapon, arms trade, sale, transfer, acquisition, collecting, exhibiting, accounting, storage, carrying, transportation, transportation, use, withdrawal, destruction, import of weapon to the Russian Federation and export it from the Russian Federation;

production of weapon - research, development, testing, production, and also art finishing and repair of weapon, production of ammunition, cartridges and their components;

firearms of limited defeat - the short-barreled weapon and acormose weapon intended for mechanical defeat of the live purpose at distance by the metayemy equipment of the boss of traumatic action receiving directed movement due to energy of powder or other charge and death which are not intended for causing to the person;

the boss of traumatic action - the device intended for shot from fire smooth-bore weapon or firearms of limited defeat, combining in single whole by means of sleeve of means of initiation, propellant powder and metayemy equipment of traumatic action and not intended for causing death to the person;

the boss of gas action - the device intended for shot from gas weapon or firearms of limited defeat, combining in the single whole by means of sleeve of means of initiation equipped with the tear or irritating substances and not intended for causing death to the person;

the boss of light-sound action - the device intended for shot from firearms, firearms of limited defeat, gas or alarm weapon, combining in single whole by means of sleeve of means of initiation and equipment of light-sound action and not intended for defeat of live or other purpose;

the alarm boss - the device intended for shot from firearms or alarm weapon, combining in single whole by means of sleeve of means of initiation, propellant powder and metayemy equipment for giving of light, smoke or sound signal and not intended for defeat of live or other purpose;

paragraph nineteenth ceased to be valid

baizes of the shock mechanism - the detail of the shock mechanism striking blow to means of initiation of the boss.;

the weapon having cultural value - the weapon included in structure of Museum fund of the Russian Federation according to the Federal Law of May 26, 1996 N 54-FZ "About Museum fund of the Russian Federation and the museums in the Russian Federation" or falling according to the solution of the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation under operation of the Law of the Russian Federation of April 15, 1993 N 4804-1 "About export and import of cultural values" including ancient (antiquarian) weapon; ancient (antiquarian) weapon - the fire, throwing and pneumatic weapon made until the end of 1899 (except for the firearms made for firing by cartridges), and also the cold weapon made until the end of 1945;

the copy of ancient (antiquarian) weapon - the weapon made according to the original or drawings of sample of ancient (antiquarian) weapon on condition of exact or large-scale reproduction of its design, appearance and decorating, which is not including authentic parts antiquarian or other types of weapon;

remark of ancient (antiquarian) weapon - the weapon made according to the original, drawings or the description of sample of ancient (antiquarian) weapon with creative variation of design, appearance or art finishing, which is of cultural value as model of art creativity and arts and crafts;

written off weapon - firearms to which each main part the technical changes excluding possibility of production of shot from it or with use of its main parts cartridges, including metayemy equipment and which are held for use when implementing cultural and educational activities with possibility of imitation of shot from it the boss of light-sound action (okholoshchenny weapon) or without possibility of imitation of shot from it (educational weapon) or for studying of processes of interaction of parts and mechanisms of weapon (cutting weapon) are made;

okholoshchenny cartridges - cartridges to firearms with the opening in sleeve taken by propellant powder and used by means of initiation;

the federal executive body authorized in the field of traffic in weapons - the federal executive body performing functions on development and realization of state policy and normative legal regulation in the field of activities of troops of national guard of the Russian Federation, in the field of traffic in weapons, in the field of private security activities and in the field of private security;

independent equipment of cartridges to civil fire long-barreled weapon - independent assembly of cartridges for personal use by the citizens who are owners of hunting fire long-barreled weapon and (or) sports fire long-barreled weapon;

throwing small arms - the throwing weapon representing the mechanical device transforming strain energy of elastic elements to directed movement (throwing) of metayemy shell for defeat of the purpose which is at distance;

metayemy shell - the device consisting from the striking, bearing and stabilizing elements, or the subject having the striking properties, intended for mechanical defeat of the purpose in result of throwing which is at distance from throwing small arms;

throwing broskovy weapon - the throwing weapon intended for mechanical defeat of the purpose in result of throwing which is at distance with use of muscular strength of the person (throw);

smooth-bore firearms - firearms which channel of trunk has the round section, the cylindrical or conical form and smooth (equal) internal surface on all its extent;

cut firearms (firearms with rifle barrel) - firearms which channel of trunk has section, the form or lots (ledges and deepenings) on internal surface giving in the course of shot to metayemy equipment rotary motion round its pivot-center;

the trigger mechanism - the weapon mechanism intended for management of the beginning and the end of firing;

the shock mechanism - the weapon mechanism providing actuating of shock means of initiation of the boss;

alteration of weapon - replacement or change of form and (or) the sizes of the main parts of firearms or details of shock and trigger mechanisms of weapon, replacement or change of parts of written off weapon, pneumatic weapon, alarm weapon, gas weapon or throwing small arms which entailed change of the technical characteristics of weapon considered in case of certification of weapon (obligatory confirmation of conformity), destruction or change of marking designations, numbers and (or) brands of weapon;

maintenance of weapon - cleaning, weapon lubricant, adjustment of aim devices, shock and trigger mechanisms;

repair of weapon - reduction of weapon in the working condition by elimination of defects of its parts or their replacement, and also recovery of appearance and elements of art finishing of weapon.

The products certified in product quality of economic and household and production appointment, the apparatuses structurally similar to weapon do not belong to weapon (further - products, structurally similar to weapon). Products, structurally similar to firearms, shall not contain the main parts of firearms in the structure.

Article 2. Types of weapon

Weapon is source of enhanced danger and depending on the purposes of its use by appropriate subjects, and also on key parameters and characteristics is subdivided on:

1) civil;

2) office;

3) fighting manual shooting and cold.

Article 3. Civil weapon

Weapon, held for use citizens of the Russian Federation for the purpose of self-defense, for sports activities and hunting, and also in the cultural and educational purposes belongs to civil weapon. The civil firearms shall exclude firing by queues and have reservoir of shop (drum) no more than 10 cartridges. Restriction of reservoir of shop (drum) does not extend to sports weapon, requirements to which components are determined by rules of sports and (or) regulations (regulations) on sports competitions accepted by the all-Russian sports federations accredited in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on one or several sports connected with use of sports weapon. When using civil firearms of limited defeat the possibility of shot shall be excluded from it by the cartridges, including metayemy equipment used for firing from military person-portable small arms, office cut weapon and smooth-bore firearms, civil cut weapon and smooth-bore long-barreled firearms. Dulny energy in case of shot from civil fire smooth-bore long-barreled weapon cartridges of traumatic action shall not exceed 150 J, and from civil firearms of limited defeat - 91 J. Civil weapon and cartridges to it shall conform to the criminalistic requirements established by the federal executive body performing functions on the development and realization of state policy and normative legal regulation in the field of internal affairs approved with the federal executive body authorized in the field of traffic in weapons, the federal executive body authorized in the field of safety of the Russian Federation and the federal executive body performing functions on rendering the state services, management of state-owned property in the field of technical regulation and ensuring unity of measurements.

Civil weapon is subdivided on:

1) self-defense weapon:

fire smooth-bore long-barreled weapon with cartridges to it, including with cartridges of traumatic action;

firearms of limited defeat (the gun, the revolver, the fire acormose device of national production) with cartridges of traumatic action, cartridges of gas action and cartridges of light-sound action;

gas weapon: gas guns and revolvers, including cartridges to them, the mechanical sprayers, aerosol and other devices equipped with the tear or irritating substances allowed for use by the federal executive body performing functions on development of state policy and normative legal regulation in the field of health care;

the electroconvulsive devices and spark rated sportsmen of national production having the output parameters conforming to the mandatory requirements established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation about technical regulation;

2) sports weapon:

fire with rifle barrel;

fire smooth-bore;

cold bladed;

throwing;

pneumatic with dulny energy over 3 J;

3) hunting weapon:

fire long-barreled with rifle barrel;

fire smooth-bore long-barreled;

fire combined (cut and smooth-bore) long-barreled, including with replaceable and supplementary rifle barrels;

pneumatic with dulny energy no more than 25 J;

cold bladed;

the hunting throwing small arms which do not have mechanisms of fixing of elastic elements in tension (onions) and which force of arch constitutes more than 27 kgfs or having the mechanism of fixing of elastic elements in tension (arbalest) and which force of arch (arches) constitutes more than 43 kgfs (further - hunting throwing small arms);

4) alarm weapon;

5) the cold bladed weapon intended for carrying with the Cossack form, and also with national suits of the people of the Russian Federation which attributes are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation;

6) the weapon used in the cultural and educational purposes:

the weapon having cultural value;

ancient (antiquarian) weapon;

copies of ancient (antiquarian) weapon;

remarks of ancient (antiquarian) weapon;

written off weapon.

Article 4. Office weapon

Weapon, held for use officials of state bodies and workers of legal entities to whom the legislation of the Russian Federation carrying, storage and use of the specified weapon, for the purpose of self-defense or for execution of the obligations assigned to them by the Federal Law on protection of life and health of citizens is authorized, to property, on conservation and natural resources, valuable and dangerous goods, special correspondence belongs to office weapon.

The companies and the organizations to which the legislation of the Russian Federation assigns the functions connected with use and use of office weapon are legal entities with singular authorized problems (further - legal entities with singular authorized problems).

Fire smooth-bore and cut short-barreled weapon of national production with dulny energy no more than 300 J, fire smooth-bore long-barreled weapon, and also firearms of limited defeat with cartridges of traumatic action belongs to office weapon.

Office weapon shall exclude firing by queues, cut office weapon shall have differences from military person-portable small arms on types and the boss's sizes, and from civil on sledoobrazovaniye on bullet and sleeve, fire smooth-bore office weapon shall have differences from civil on sledoobrazovaniye on sleeve. Reservoir of shop (drum) of office weapon shall be no more than 10 cartridges. Bullets of cartridges to fire smooth-bore and cut short-barreled weapon cannot have cores from solid materials. Cartridges to office weapon shall conform to the mandatory requirements established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation about technical regulation.

When using office firearms of limited defeat the possibility of shot shall be excluded from it by the cartridges, including metayemy equipment used for firing from military person-portable small arms, office cut weapon and smooth-bore firearms, civil cut weapon and smooth-bore long-barreled firearms. Dulny energy in case of shot from office firearms, office firearms of limited defeat by cartridges of traumatic action shall not exceed 150 J. Office weapon and cartridges to it shall conform to the criminalistic requirements established by the federal executive body performing functions on the development and realization of state policy and normative legal regulation in the field of internal affairs approved with the federal executive body authorized in the field of traffic in weapons, the federal executive body authorized in the field of safety of the Russian Federation and the federal executive body performing functions on rendering the state services, management of state-owned property in the field of technical regulation and ensuring unity of measurements.

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