of February 23, 1995 No. 26-FZ
About natural medical resources, medical and improving areas and resorts
Accepted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation on January 27, 1995
Natural medical resources, medical and improving areas and resorts are national property of the people of the Russian Federation, are intended for treatment and rest of the population and belong respectively to especially protected objects and the territories having the features in use and protection.
This Federal Law determines the principles of state policy and governs the relations in the field of studying, use, development and protection of natural medical resources, medical and improving areas and resorts in the territory of the Russian Federation.
In this Federal Law the following basic concepts are used:
natural medical resources - mineral waters, therapeutic muds, brine of estuaries and lakes, medical climate, other natural objects and conditions used for treatment and prevention of diseases and the organization of rest;
the medical and improving area - the territory having natural medical resources and suitable for the organization of treatment and prevention of diseases and also for rest of the population;
the resort - mastered and especially protected territory used in the treatment-and-prophylactic purposes having natural medical resources and buildings, necessary for their operation, and constructions including infrastructure facilities;
the resort of federal importance - mastered and especially protected territory used in the treatment-and-prophylactic purposes which is in accordance with the established procedure under authority of federal bodies of the government;
the resort of regional value - mastered and especially protected territory used in the treatment-and-prophylactic purposes which is in accordance with the established procedure under authority of public authority of the subject of the Russian Federation;
the resort of local value - mastered and especially protected territory used in the treatment-and-prophylactic purposes which is under authority of local government bodies;
the resort region (area) - the territory with the resorts which are compactly located in it combined by the general district of sanitary (mountain and sanitary) protection;
resort case - set of all types of scientific practical activities on the organization and implementation of treatment and prevention of diseases on the basis of use of natural medical resources;
the district of sanitary (mountain and sanitary) protection - especially protected territory with the mode of managing of accommodation, environmental management set in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation providing protection and preserving natural medical resources and the medical and improving area with the sites adjoining to it from pollution and premature depletion. For medical and improving areas and resorts where natural medical resources belong to subsoil (mineral waters, therapeutic muds and others), districts of mountain and sanitary protection are established. In other cases districts of sanitary protection are established. The external contour of the district of sanitary (mountain and sanitary) protection is border of the medical and improving area, resort, resort region (area);
users - the legal entities and physical persons performing development and use of natural medical resources based on the license;
the technological scheme of development and use of natural medical resources - the project document establishing technical methods and amounts of production and use of natural medical resources, regulations of losses and methods of preserving and improvement of medicinal properties of the specified resources in case of operation;
resort fund of the Russian Federation - set of all revealed and considered natural medical resources, medical and improving areas, and also resorts and resort regions (areas).
1. The legislation on natural medical resources, medical and improving areas and resorts is based on provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and consists of this Federal Law, the laws adopted according to it and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, and also the laws and other regulatory legal acts of subjects of the Russian Federation.
2. The legislation on natural medical resources, medical and improving areas and resorts governs the relations arising in connection with use and protection of natural medical resources as within the specified especially protected territories and located out of their borders.
3. The relations connected with use and protection of the natural resources which are not carried to medical are regulated by land, water, forest and other legislation on natural resources.
4. The property relations in the field of use and protection of natural medical resources, medical and improving resources, medical and improving areas and resorts are regulated by the civil legislation if other is not established by the Federal Law.
1. Medicinal properties of natural medical resources are established based on scientific research, the corresponding long-term practice.
2. Classification of natural medical resources, medical indications and contraindications to their application affirm as the treatment-and-prophylactic purposes the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation.
1. Recognition of the territory by the medical and improving area or resort is performed depending on its value by the Government of the Russian Federation, relevant organ of the executive authority of the subject of the Russian Federation or local government body based on special balneological, hydrogeological and other researches.
2. Resorts and medical and improving areas can have federal, regional or local importance.
The territory is recognized the medical and improving area or the resort of federal importance the Government of the Russian Federation in coordination with relevant organ of the executive authority of the subject of the Russian Federation.
The territory is recognized the medical and improving area or the resort of regional value executive body of the subject of the Russian Federation in coordination with the corresponding federal executive bodies.
The territory is recognized the medical and improving area or the resort of local value according to the procedure, established by legal acts of the subject of the Russian Federation.
3. The procedure and features of functioning of the certain resort are determined by regulations on this resort. Depending on value of the resort the regulations on it respectively affirm the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation or relevant organ of the executive authority of the subject of the Russian Federation.
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