LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

of April 1, 1993 No. 4730-1

About Frontier of the Russian Federation

Section I. General provisions

Article 1. Frontier of the Russian Federation

The frontier of the Russian Federation (further - Frontier) is the line and the vertical surface passing across this line, the determining limits of the state territory (sushi, waters, subsoil and airspace) the Russian Federation, that is spatial limit of action of the state sovereignty of the Russian Federation.

Article 2. The principles of establishment and change of passing of Frontier, establishment and maintenance of legal relationship on Frontier

Frontier of the Russian Federation is the border of RSFSR fixed by the existing international treaties and legal acts of the former USSR; the borders of the Russian Federation with the adjacent states which are not drawn up in the international legal relation are subject to their contractual fixing.

The Russian Federation in case of establishment and change of passing of the Frontier, establishment and maintenance of the relations with foreign states on Frontier, and also regulation of legal relationship in border regions (water areas) of the Russian Federation and on the ways of the international messages lying in the Russian territory is guided by the principles:

safety of the Russian Federation and international security;

mutually beneficial full cooperation with foreign states;

mutual respect of sovereignty, territorial integrity of the states and inviolability of frontiers;

peaceful resolution of boundary questions.

Article 3. Protection and protection of Frontier

Protection of Frontier as part of system of safety of the Russian Federation and realization of the state boundary policy of the Russian Federation consists in the approved activities of federal bodies of the government, public authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation and local government bodies performed by them within the powers by acceptance of political, organization-legal, diplomatic, economic, defensive, boundary, prospecting, counterprospecting, operational search, customs, nature protection, sanitary and epidemiologic, ecological and other measures. The organizations and citizens in accordance with the established procedure participate in these activities.

Measures for protection of Frontier are taken according to the status of Frontier determined by international treaties of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The Russian Federation cooperates with foreign states in the sphere of protection of Frontier on the basis of the conventional principles and rules of international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Protection of Frontier provides the vital interests of the personality, society and state on Frontier within the border territory (border area, the Russian part of waters of the boundary rivers, lakes and other water objects, internal sea waters and the territorial sea of the Russian Federation, check points through Frontier, and also the territories of administrative areas and the cities, sanatorium zones, especially protected natural territories, objects and other territories adjacent to Frontier, border area, coast of the boundary rivers, lakes and other water objects, the coast of the sea or check points) and is performed by all federal executive bodies according to their powers established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Protection of Frontier is component of protection of Frontier and is performed by boundary bodies of the Federal Security Service (further - boundary bodies) within the border territory, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in airspace and the underwater circle and other forces (bodies) of safety of the Russian Federation in cases and according to the procedure, determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Protection of Frontier is performed for the purpose of non-admission of illegal change of passing of Frontier, ensuring compliance by physical persons and legal entities with the mode of Frontier, boundary regime and the mode at check points through Frontier. Measures for protection of Frontier are considered in this Law as boundary measures.

Boundary measures log in the security measures performed within single state policy of safety and corresponding to threat to the vital interests of the personality, society and state.

Article 4. Legislation on Frontier

The legislation on Frontier is based on the Constitution of the Russian Federation, and also on international treaties of the Russian Federation and consists of this Law and other Federal Laws, and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation accepted according to it.

If the international treaty of the Russian Federation establishes other rules, than those which contain in this Law and other legal acts of the Russian Federation for Frontier then are applied rules of the international treaty.

The decisions of interstate bodies made based on provisions of international treaties of the Russian Federation in their interpretation contradicting the Constitution of the Russian Federation are not subject to execution in the Russian Federation. Such contradiction can be established according to the procedure, determined by the Federal constitutional Law.

Section II. Establishment and change of passing, designation of Frontier

Article 5. Establishment and change of passing of Frontier

1. Passing of Frontier is established and changes international treaties of the Russian Federation, the Federal Laws.

Documents on the changes, amendments of passing of Frontier on the area made according to the procedure of check of Frontier based on international treaties of the Russian Federation become effective in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Passing of Frontier if other is not provided by international treaties of the Russian Federation, is established:

a) on the land - on characteristic points, lines of relief or it is clear to visible reference points;

b) at the sea - on external border of the territorial sea of the Russian Federation;

c) on the navigable rivers - on the middle of the main waterway or thalweg of the river; on the non-navigable rivers, streams - on their middle or on the middle of the main sleeve of the river; on lakes and other water objects - on the equidistant, median, direct or other line connecting Frontier exits to coast of the lake or other water object. The frontier passing down the river to stream, the lake or other water object, does not move as in case of change of outline of their coast or water level, and in case of variation of the bed of the river, stream to this or that party;

d) on water storage basins of water-engineering systems and other artificial water objects - according to the line of the Frontier passing on the area before its flooding;

e) on the bridges, dikes and other constructions passing through the rivers, streams, lakes and other water objects - on the middle of these constructions or on their technological axis irrespective of passing of Frontier on water.

Article 6. Designation of Frontier

The frontier on the area is designated clearly by visible border markers.

The description and procedure for installation of border markers are determined by international treaties of the Russian Federation, decisions of the Government of the Russian Federation.

Section III. Frontier mode

Article 7. Content and establishment of the mode of Frontier

The mode of Frontier includes rules:

contents of Frontier;

crossings of Frontier by persons and vehicles;

movements through Frontier of freights, goods and animals;

the omission through Frontier of persons, vehicles, freights, goods and animals;

maintaining on Frontier or near it in the territory of the Russian Federation economic, trade and other activity;

permissions with foreign states of the incidents connected with violation of the specified rules.

The mode of Frontier is set by this Law, other Federal Laws, international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Taking into account mutual interests of the Russian Federation and the adjacent states separate rules of the mode of Frontier can not be established, and nature of the established rules can be simplified.

Article 8. Content of Frontier

Rules of content of Frontier regulate procedure for installation, preserving and maintenance in good repair of border markers, their control surveys, the equipment and content of boundary glades, conducting checks of passing of Frontier, joint with the adjacent state.

The documents of joint checks of passing of Frontier which are not containing its changes affirm the Government of the Russian Federation.

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