of December 12, 1993
We, multinational people of the Russian Federation,
connected by general destiny on the earth,
approving human rights and freedoms, civil peace and harmony,
keeping historically developed state unity,
proceeding from the conventional principles of equality and self-determination of the people,
revering memory of the ancestors who gave us love and respect for the Fatherland, belief in good and justice
reviving sovereign statehood of Russia and approving firmness of its democratic basis,
aiming to provide wellbeing and prosperity of Russia,
proceeding from responsibility for the Homeland before present and future generations,
understanding itself part of the world community,
we accept the Constitution of the Russian Federation
1. The Russian Federation - Russia is the democratic federal constitutional state with the republican form of government.
2. Names the Russian Federation and Russia are equivalent.
The person, its rights and freedoms are the supreme value. Recognition, observance and protection of rights and freedoms of man and citizen - obligation of the state.
1. The carrier of sovereignty and the single source of the power in the Russian Federation are its multinational people.
2. The people perform the power directly, and also through public authorities and local government bodies.
3. The highest direct expression of the power of the people are the referendum and free elections.
4. Nobody can appropriate the power in the Russian Federation. Seizure of power or assignment of powers of authority is pursued under the Federal Law.
1. Sovereignty of the Russian Federation extends to all its territory.
2. The constitution of the Russian Federation and the Federal Laws have supremacy in all territory of the Russian Federation.
3. The Russian Federation provides integrity and immunity of the territory.
1. The Russian Federation consists of the republics, regions, areas, the federal cities, the autonomous region, autonomous areas - equal subjects of the Russian Federation.
2. The republic (state) has the constitution and the legislation. The edge, area, the federal city, the autonomous region, the autonomous area has the charter and the legislation.
3. The federal device of the Russian Federation is based on its state integrity, unity of system of the government, differentiation of areas of jurisdiction and powers between public authorities of the Russian Federation and public authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation, equality and self-determination of the people in the Russian Federation.
4. In relations with federal bodies of the government all subjects of the Russian Federation are among themselves equal.
1. Citizenship of the Russian Federation is acquired and stops according to the Federal Law, is single and equal irrespective of the acquisition bases.
2. Each citizen of the Russian Federation has in its territory all rights and freedoms and performs the equal duties provided by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
3. The citizen of the Russian Federation cannot be deprived of the nationality or the right to change him.
1. The Russian Federation - the social state which policy is directed to creation of the conditions providing worthy life and free development of the person.
2. In the Russian Federation work and human health are protected, the guaranteed minimum wage is established, the state family support, motherhood, paternity and the childhood, disabled people and elderly citizens is provided, the system of social services develops, national pensions, benefits and other guarantees of social protection are established.
1. In the Russian Federation the unity of economic space, free movement of goods, services and financial resources, competition support, freedom of economic activity are guaranteed.
2. In the Russian Federation also other patterns of ownership are recognized and protected similarly private, state, municipal.
1. The earth and other natural resources are used and protected in the Russian Federation as basis of life and activities of the people living in the corresponding territory.
2. The earth and other natural resources can be in private, state, municipal and other patterns of ownership.
The government in the Russian Federation is performed on the basis of separation on legislative, executive and judicial. Bodies of legislative, executive and judicial authority are independent.
1. The government in the Russian Federation is performed the President of the Russian Federation, by Federal Assembly (The Federation Council and the State Duma), the Government of the Russian Federation, courts of the Russian Federation.
2. The government in subjects of the Russian Federation is performed by the public authorities formed by them.
3. Differentiation of areas of jurisdiction and powers between public authorities of the Russian Federation and public authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation is performed by this Constitution, Federal and other agreements on differentiation of areas of jurisdiction and powers.
In the Russian Federation local self-government is recognized and guaranteed. Local self-government within the powers independently. Local government bodies are not a part of the system of public authorities.
1. The ideological variety is recognized the Russian Federation.
2. No ideology can be established as state or obligatory.
3. The political variety, multi-party system are recognized the Russian Federation.
4. Public associations are equal before the law.
5. Creation and activities of public associations is forbidden, the purposes or actions of which are directed to violent change of bases of the constitutional system and violation of integrity of the Russian Federation, undermining safety of the state, creation of paramilitary groups, kindling of social, racial, national and religious discord.
1. The Russian Federation - the secular state. No religion can be established as state or obligatory.
2. Religious associations are separated the state and are equal before the law.
1. The constitution of the Russian Federation has the highest legal force, direct action and is applied in all territory of the Russian Federation. The laws and other legal acts adopted in the Russian Federation shall not contradict the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
2. Public authorities, local government bodies, officials, citizens and their associations shall observe the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the laws.
3. The laws are subject to official publication. The unpublished laws are not applied. Any regulatory legal acts affecting the rights, freedoms and obligations of man and citizen cannot be applied if they are not published officially for general data.
4. The conventional principles and rules of international law and the international agreements of the Russian Federation are component of its system of law. If the international treaty of the Russian Federation establishes other rules than provided by the law, then rules of the international treaty are applied.
1. Provisions of this Chapter of the Constitution constitute bases of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation and cannot be changed differently as according to the procedure, established by this Constitution.
2. No other provisions of this Constitution can contradict bases of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation.
1. In the Russian Federation rights and freedoms of man and citizen according to the conventional principles and rules of international law and according to this Constitution are recognized and guaranteed.
2. Basic rights and human freedoms are inaliennable and belong to everyone from the birth.
3. Implementation of rights and freedoms of man and citizen shall not violate the rights and freedoms of other persons.
Rights and freedoms of man and citizen are directly acting. They determine sense, content and application of the laws, activities of legislative and executive power, local self-government and are provided with justice.
1. All are equal before the law and court.
2. The state guarantees equality of rights and freedoms of man and citizen irrespective of floor, races, nationalities, language, origin, property and official capacity, the residence, the relation to religion, beliefs, belonging to public associations, and also other circumstances. Any forms of restriction of the rights of citizens on signs of social, racial, national, language or religious affiliation are forbidden.
3. The man and the woman have the equal rights and freedoms and equal opportunities for their realization.
1. Everyone has the right to life.
2. Capital punishment until its cancellation can be established by the Federal Law as exceptional measure of punishment for especially serious crimes against life by provision to the person accused of the right to consideration of its case by court with participation of jury members.
1. Advantage of the personality is protected by the state. Nothing can be the basis for its derogation.
2. Nobody shall be exposed to tortures, violence, another to the cruel or degrading human dignity address or punishment. Nobody can without voluntary consent be subjected to medical, scientific or other experiences.
1. Everyone has right to liberty and security of person.
2. Arrest, detention and detention are allowed only according to the judgment. To the judgment person cannot be subjected to detention for the term of more than 48 hours.
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