of July 28, 2021 No. ZRU-703
About courts
Accepted by Legislative house on June 15, 2021
Approved by the Senate on June 26, 2021
Judicial authority in the Republic of Uzbekistan is effective irrespective of legislative and executive power, political parties, other public associations.
Judicial authority in the Republic of Uzbekistan is performed only by courts. No other bodies and persons have right to appropriate powers of judicial authority.
The judicial system in the Republic of Uzbekistan consists from:
Constitutional court of the Republic of Uzbekistan;
Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan;
public vessels;
Vessels of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regional and Tashkent city courts;
Administrative court of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, administrative courts of areas and city of Tashkent;
interdistrict, district, city courts on civil cases;
district, city courts on criminal cases;
interdistrict, district, city economic courts;
interdistrict administrative courts.
In the Republic of Uzbekistan specialization of judges in categories of cases can be performed.
Creation of emergency courts is not allowed.
The legislation on courts consists of this Law and other acts of the legislation.
The organization and procedure for activities of the Constitutional court of the Republic of Uzbekistan are determined by the separate law.
The main objectives of court are protection the guaranteed Constitution and other laws, international treaties of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and also the international acts of human rights of the rights and freedoms of citizens, the state and public concerns, rights and the interests of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs protected by the law.
Activities of court are aimed at providing rule of law, social justice, civil peace and harmony.
Forming of the judicial case is performed by the Supreme judicial council of the Republic of Uzbekistan in strict accordance with the principle of independence of judges. The organization and procedure for activities of the Supreme judicial council of the Republic of Uzbekistan are determined by the separate law.
According to the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan possesses power to initiate legislation which is implemented by means of entering of the bill into Legislative house of Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
On court house National flag of the Republic of Uzbekistan is hoisted, the image of the State Emblem of the Republic of Uzbekistan is located on facade of court house and in the hall of judicial sessions.
Justice in the Republic of Uzbekistan is performed strictly according to the law.
Judges are independent, submit only to the law. Any intervention in activities of judges for implementation of justice is inadmissible and attracts legal accountability.
Assignment on judges of any obligations which are not connected with justice implementation is not allowed.
The court resolutions which took legal effect are obligatory for all state bodies, public associations, the companies, organizations and the organizations, officials, citizens and are subject to execution in all territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Non-execution of court resolution attracts the responsibility established by the law.
All citizens are equal before the law and court without distinction as to sex, races, nationalities, language, religion, beliefs, social origin, social standing. The companies, organizations and the organizations are also equal before the law and court.
Trial of cases in all courts open. Hearing of cases in the closed judicial session is allowed only in the cases established by the law.
Representatives of mass media can carry out the faces which are present at courtroom in the courtroom photographing, video and audio recording according to the procedure established by the law.
Legal proceedings in the Republic of Uzbekistan are conducted in the Uzbek, Karakalpak languages or in language of the majority of the population of this area.
The right of complete acquaintance with case papers, participations in judicial actions through the translator and the right to appear in court in the native language or other language which they know is provided to the persons participating in case not knowing language in which legal proceedings are conducted.
Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan, foreign citizens and persons without citizenship have the right to judicial protection against any illegal decisions of the state and other bodies, actions (failure to act) of their officials, and also from infringement of life and health, honor and advantage, personal liberty and property, other rights and freedoms. Also legal entities have the right to judicial protection.
When implementing justice the right to professional legal aid is guaranteed to everyone. At any stage of legal proceedings the right of defense is provided to the suspect, the person accused, the defendant.
In the cases determined by the law, the state provides provision of professional legal aid free of charge.
The person accused is considered innocent until his guilt is proved in the procedure provided by the law and is established by the court verdict which took legal effect.
Nobody can be subjected to detention differently as based on the judgment.
Nobody can be subjected to tortures, violence, another to the cruel or degrading honor and advantage of the person address.
The parties, and in the cases provided by the law and other persons have the right to appeal of court resolution in the procedure established by the law.
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the supreme body of judicial authority in the field of civil, criminal, economic and administrative trial.
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan has rights of supervision of judicial activities of subordinate courts.
Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan:
considers cases in quality of court of the first, appeal or cassation and auditing instance, and also on newly discovered facts within the competence
;considers topical issues of court practice on the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan and makes explanations on application of the legislation;
studies organizational activities of public vessels, Court of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regional and Tashkent city courts, Administrative court of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, administrative courts of areas and the city of Tashkent, interdistrict, district, city courts;
exercises control over the implementation of explanations of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan by courts;
performs systems analysis of court practice and legal statistics;
will organize work on advanced training of judges and workers of the office of court.
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan can perform also other powers according to the law.
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan consists of the chairman, his first deputy - the chairman of judicial board on administrative cases, deputies - chairmen of judicial boards on civil, criminal and economic cases and judges of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan is effective in structure:
Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan;
Presidium of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan;
Judicial board on administrative cases;
Judicial board on civil cases;
Judicial board on criminal cases;
Judicial board on economic cases.
In judicial boards specialized judicial structures can be formed.
The quantitative list of judges of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan is established by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on representation of the chairman of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The plenum of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan is effective as a part of judges of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan, chairmen of justices of the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Administrative court of the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
The chairman of the Constitutional court, the chairman of the Supreme judicial council, the Attorney-General, the Minister of Justice, the President of Chamber of lawyers of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the judge, the Representative of Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan for human rights (омбудсман), the Representative of Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the child's rights (Children's омбудсман), the Comissioner for the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on protection of the rights and legitimate interests of subjects of entrepreneurship, and also members of scientific and advisory council under the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan can participate in meetings of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The plenum of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan is convened as required, but at least once in four months. Drafts of resolutions concerning application of the legislation go to members of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan and other interested organizations in twenty days prior to meeting.
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