of May 1, 1999 No. 94-FZ
About protection of Lake Baikal
Accepted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation on April 2, 1999
Approved by Council of the Russian Federation on April 22, 1999
This Federal Law determines the legal basis of protection of Lake Baikal which is not only unique ecological system of the Russian Federation, but also object of the world natural heritage.
1. Legal regulation in the field of protection of Lake Baikal is performed by this Federal Law, other Federal Laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, and also the laws and other regulatory legal acts of subjects of the Russian Federation.
2. If the international treaty of the Russian Federation establishes other rules, than those which are provided by this Federal Law are applied rules of the international treaty.
3. The decisions of interstate bodies made based on provisions of international treaties of the Russian Federation in their interpretation contradicting the Constitution of the Russian Federation are not subject to execution in the Russian Federation. Such contradiction can be established according to the procedure, determined by the Federal constitutional Law.
1. The Baikal natural territory - the territory which part are Lake Baikal, the water protection zone adjacent to Lake Baikal, its catchment area within the territory of the Russian Federation, especially protected natural territories adjacent to Lake Baikal, and also the territory up to 200 kilometers wide, adjacent to Lake Baikal, on the West and the northwest from it.
2. In the Baikal natural territory the following ecological zones are allocated:
the central ecological area - the territory which includes Lake Baikal with islands, the water protection zone adjoining to Lake Baikal, and also especially protected natural territories adjacent to Lake Baikal;
buffer ecological zone - the territory outside the central ecological area including the catchment area of Lake Baikal within the territory of the Russian Federation;
ecological zone of atmospheric influence - the territory out of the catchment area of Lake Baikal within the territory of the Russian Federation up to 200 kilometers wide on the West and the northwest from it on which economic objects which activities make negative impact on unique ecological system of Lake Baikal are located.
3. Ecological zoning of the Baikal natural territory is performed according to the procedure, established by the Government of the Russian Federation.
1. The decision on establishment or change of borders of the Baikal natural territory and ecological zones - the central ecological area, buffer ecological zone, ecological zone of atmospheric influence, borders of the water protection zone and borders of fishery reserved zone of Lake Baikal is accepted by the Government of the Russian Federation. Appendix to such decision is the graphical description of location of borders of the Baikal natural territory and its ecological zones, the water protection zone and fishery conservation zone of Lake Baikal with the list of coordinates of characteristic points of such borders in the system of coordinates used for maintaining the Single state real estate register.
2. Executive bodies of the Republic of Buryatia, executive bodies of the Irkutsk region, executive bodies of Zabaykalsky Krai according to the procedure, established by the Government of the Russian Federation, provide informing the population of the Baikal natural territory on borders of the Baikal natural territory, including on borders of ecological zones, and on features of the mode of ecological zones.
Voided since January 1, 2005.
For the purpose of protection of unique ecological system of Lake Baikal in the Baikal natural territory the specific mode of the economic and other activity performed according to the principles is set:
priority of the types of activity which are not leading to violation of unique ecological system of Lake Baikal and natural landscapes of its water protection zone;
accounting of complexity of impact of economic and other activity on unique ecological system of Lake Baikal;
balances of the solution of social and economic tasks and tasks of protection of unique ecological system of Lake Baikal on the principles of sustainable development;
obligation of the state environmental assessment.
1. In the Baikal natural territory types of activity when which implementing the negative impact on unique ecological system of Lake Baikal is made are prohibited or limited:
the chemical pollution of Lake Baikal or its part, and also its catchment area connected with dumpings and with emissions of pollutants, use of pesticides, agrochemicals, radioactive materials, operation of transport, placement of production wastes and consumption;
physical change of condition of Lake Baikal or its part (change of temperature conditions of water, fluctuation of indicators of water level outside admissible values, change of drains to Lake Baikal);
the biological pollution of Lake Baikal connected with use, cultivation or acclimatization of the water biological objects not inherent to ecological system of Lake Baikal in Lake Baikal and water objects having continuous or temporary communication with Lake Baikal.
2. In the Baikal natural territory the construction of new economic objects, reconstruction of the operating economic objects without the positive conclusion of the state environmental assessment of the project documentation of such objects is forbidden.
3. The list of the types of activity prohibited in the central ecological area affirms the Government of the Russian Federation.
For the purpose of protection of unique ecological system of Lake Baikal and prevention of negative impact of economic and other activity on its condition the following requirements to the water mode of Lake Baikal are established:
the mode of filling and drawdown of Lake Baikal is determined by authorized federal executive body according to the procedure, established by the legislation of the Russian Federation;
prohibition on increase in water level in Lake Baikal above the maximum values and decrease in water level in Lake Baikal below the minimum values established by the Government of the Russian Federation.
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