RESOLUTION OF THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

of January 15, 2019 No. 1

About approval of the Aviation rules "Radio Engineering Flight Servicing and Aviation Telecommunication in Civil Aviation"

Based on Article 6 and part two of article 70 of the Air code of the Republic of Belarus the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Belarus DECIDES:

1. Approve the Aviation rules "Radio Engineering Flight Servicing and Aviation Telecommunication in Civil Aviation" (are applied).

2. Recognize invalid:

the resolution of the State committee on aircraft of the Republic of Belarus of March 29, 2000 No. 2 "About approval of the aviation rules "Radio Engineering Flight Servicing and Aviation Telecommunication";

the resolution of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Belarus of November 11, 2008 No. 115 "About introduction of amendments to the resolution of the State committee on aircraft of the Republic of Belarus of March 29, 2000 No. 2".

3. This resolution becomes effective after its official publication.

Approved by the Resolution of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Belarus of January 15, 2019 No. 1

Aviation rules "Radio Engineering Flight Servicing and Aviation Telecommunication in Civil Aviation"

Section I. General provisions

Chapter 1. Field of application

1. These Aviation rules establish requirements to radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication, including to the organization and implementation of technical operation of objects and means of radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication.

2. These Aviation rules are developed on the basis:

Air Code of the Republic of Belarus;

volumes I Radio navigation aids of Appendix 10 Aviation telecommunication to the Chicago convention on International civil aviation of December 7, 1944 (further - the Convention);

volumes II of the Rule of communication, including the rules having the status of PANS of Appendix 10 Aviation telecommunication to the Convention;

volumes III of Appendix 10 to the Convention;

volumes IV of Appendix 10 to the Convention

volumes V of Appendix 10 to the Convention

3. These Aviation rules are obligatory for application in the territory of the Republic of Belarus by all legal entities and citizens participating in designing, construction, creation, testing, acceptance, serial production, the organization and implementation of technical operation of objects and terrestrial facilities of radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication (further - RTOP and AVES). They establish requirements to the organization and implementation of works on technical operation of terrestrial facilities of RTOP and AVES for the purpose of the flight servicings of air vehicles, accomplishment of certain service functions of air traffic and productive activity of the companies and the organizations, legal entities and physical persons which are organizing and carrying out technical operation of terrestrial facilities of RTOP and AVES.

4. Requirements of these Aviation rules are implemented and provided with personnel of the services responsible for technical operation of means of RTOP and AVES, and are obligatory for application by all companies and organizations which use terrestrial facilities of RTOP and AVES in the activities.

Control of execution of these Aviation rules is exercised by Department on aircraft of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Belarus

5. Departure from requirements of these Aviation rules is in some cases allowed if such departures are compensated by introduction of the measures providing the equivalent level of fulfillment of requirements. Departure from requirements shall be noted in the instruction for production of flights.

Chapter 2. Determinations

6. In these Aviation rules the terms and determinations specified in this Chapter are applied.

MANIF AFM - Advanced Frequency Manager - Evrokontrol licensed software for the operational organization of aviation radio frequencies.

SAFIRE - Spectrum and Frequency Information Resource - Internet resource of the European region of ICAO of limited access under control of Evrokontrol for the organization of the international coordination of aviation radio frequencies.

The emergency notification (service of the emergency notification) - the services provided for the notification of the relevant organizations on the air vehicles needing the help of search and rescue services, and rendering necessary assistance to such organizations.

The aviation organization - the organization having the purposes of the activities accomplishment and (or) servicing of airborne transportations, accomplishment of aerial works, implementation of other types of activity in the field of aircraft.

Aviation mobile telecommunication - means and lines of telecommunication of air mobile service.

Aviation radio communication - telecommunication type which is performed by means of electromagnetic oscillations in the range of radio frequencies which is taken away for civil aviation and intended for aviation fixed and aviation mobile services.

The aviation station - land station of air mobile service. In certain cases the aviation station can be established onboard the ocean ship or on platform in the sea.

Aviation cable telecommunication - the type of documentary telecommunication providing transfer and acceptance of alphanumeric information.

Aviation telephone telecommunication - telecommunication type intended for speech transmission or, in certain cases, other sounds.

Air fixed service - the service of telecommunication between the certain fixed Items intended mainly for safety control of air navigation, and also regularity, efficiency and profitability of air traffics.

Aviation telecommunication - telecommunication intended for the aviation purposes.

Air mobile service - mobile service of communication between aviation stations and onboard stations or between onboard stations which can include stations of life preservers; this service can include also the stations of radio beacons indicators of the place of disaster working at the frequencies appointed for distress messages and emergency messages.

Automated control system for air traffic - organizational and technical system of the hardware and software of automation of control procedures for air traffic which provides assessment and the forecast of air traffic, the choice of the leading actions of the dispatcher of body of air traffic maintenance and control of their realization.

Automatic direction finder - the land radio navigational device (RNU) intended for determination of bearing of AF on signals of onboard OVCh of radio stations and also identification of AF in case of interface to portable IKO of radars of systems of the Department of Internal Affairs.

Automatic dependent surveillance - method of observation according to which air vehicles automatically provide on air-ground data link information obtained from traffic guidance systems and systems of position determination including identification index of the air vehicle, additional data this about its location in four measurements and, if necessary.

Azimuth - the corner concluded between the northern direction of the true or magnetic meridian passing through the checkpoint and the direction on the air vehicle (reference point).

Aspects of human factor - the principles applicable to design processes, certification, trainings, maintenance and operational activities in aircraft and aimed at ensuring safe interaction between the person and other components of system by means of proper accounting of opportunities of the person.

Airfield - the parcels of land or water object (its part) which are specially prepared and equipped for ensuring take-off, landing, taxing, the parking and servicing of air vehicles.

Airfield movement - all movement on aerodrome movement area, and also flights of all AF in the terminal area.

Aerodrome control point - the body intended for ensuring dispatching servicing of airfield movement.

Landing strip - the main part of flying strip of airfield prepared for providing takeoff run and run after landing of air vehicles.

Intra airport telecommunication - aviation telecommunication which uses means of land telecommunication for ensuring productive activity of the aviation organizations, interaction of bodies of Department of Internal Affairs of airfields.

The air vehicle - the flight vehicle supported in the atmosphere due to interaction with air, other than interaction with the air reflected from the Earth's surface or water, and which is subject to state registration in cases, stipulated by the legislation.

The universal coordinate time - time which is formed of combination of the time line based on determination of second and average Greenwich time.

Secondary surveillance radar (VORL) - the system of radar observation using transmitters/receivers (requesters) and transponders.

The range of radio frequencies - strip of radio frequencies to which the code name is appropriated.

Area navigation - navigation method which allows the air vehicle to execute flight on any desirable trajectory.

Engineering personnel - the leading engineers, shift engineers (technicians) of service (base) of ERTOS, engineers, technicians and electricians of all categories and classes who are directly performing maintenance and repair of means of RTOP and AVES in the course of technical operation treat engineering personnel.

Use of radio-frequency spectrum - the activities connected with operation of radio-electronic means including in case of their development (upgrade), production, designing, construction (installation), and also with operation of high-frequency devices, including in case of their development (upgrade), production.

Lines of telecommunication - transmission lines, physical chains and linearly - cable constructions of telecommunication.

Terrestrial facilities of radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication - radio-electronic and technical means (means of telecommunication, navigation, radar-location and observation, the automated systems and their workplaces, the display equipment, antenna-feeder devices, cable networks of telecommunication and the line of management; autonomous electric power supplies, electric units and electric equipment, utility lines and other equipment) which are involved in single process of radio engineering flight servicing, air traffic maintenance and ensuring productive activity of the aviation organizations.

The appointed resource - total operating time of means in case of which achievement application to destination shall be, as a rule, stopped.

The appointed service life - the calendar duration of operation of means in case of which achievement application to destination shall be, as a rule, stopped.

Operating time - the employment duration of means (the communication channel, object) expressed in hours.

Disruption of communication - the event consisting in violation of operability of the communication channel, which led to the fact that the communication channel cannot be used for ensuring accomplishment of certain function (certain functions, during time of more admissible (normative).

Defect (non-operational condition) - condition of means in case of which it does not correspond at least to one of requirements of normative and technical and (or) design documentation.

Object of radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication - set of means of radio engineering flight servicing and the aviation telecommunication, auxiliary and production equipment (means of self-contained power supply, link circuits, management etc.) placed on the area in the stationary or mobile options serviced by engineering personnel and intended for ensuring certain function in single system of air traffic management, and also productive activity of the aviation organizations.

One-way communication of "air-to-ground" - one-way communication between air vehicles and stations or Items on the Earth's surface.

Final telegraph office - the telegraph office providing processing only of the entering and outgoing messages.

The operator of telecommunication - the legal entity or the individual entrepreneur rendering services of telecommunication based on special permission (license) for activities in the field of communication.

The base radio frequency - the radio frequency appropriated to radio communications channel as radio frequency of the first priority.

Refusal of means (object) - any unexpected event as a result of which during the period of time exceeding standard time of switching to reserve, any means (object) does not work within the established admissions.

Primary surveillance radar (PORL) - the system of radar observation using the reflected radio signals for object position determination on range and azimuth.

Product transmission - data transfer in the form of signals from one Item in another means of telecommunication for the subsequent processing.

Scheduled repair - repair on which statement is performed according to requirements of the technical and operational documentation or proceeding from the analysis of technical condition of land means of radio engineering flight servicing.

Damage - the event consisting in violation of serviceable condition of means when preserving operating state.

Division of service (base) of ERTOS - officially the allocated part of service (base) performing the established circle of works on certain profile (observation, the navigation, telecommunication, data processing, electric utility service) in the RTOP and AVES system intended for servicing of one or several objects (means) of RTOP and AVES.

The limiting condition - condition of means in case of which its further application is to destination inadmissible or inexpedient or recovery of its serviceable or operating state is impossible or inexpedient.

Assignment (assignment) of radio frequency or radio-frequency channel - the decision on possibility of using specific radio frequency or radio-frequency channel with indication of specific radio-electronic means and (or) the high-frequency device, the purposes and conditions of such use.

Operating state (working capacity) - condition of means in case of which values of all parameters characterizing capability to perform the set functions, conform to requirements of normative and technical and (or) design documentation.

Radio beacon landing system - landing system which provides calling of the air vehicle on blind landing.

The radio navigational device - land and onboard (or only onboard) the equipment intended for determination of navigation parameters.

Radio bearing - the corner determined by direction-finding station between the read-out direction on certain stimulus source of electromagnetical waves and the basic direction.

Radio direction finder - the goniometric radio navigational device intended for determination of bearing of source of signal.

Direction-finding station - radiodetermination station with radio direction finding use.

Radio direction finding - radiodetermination with use of acceptance of radio waves for the purpose of determination of driving direction on the station or object.

Radio interference - the impact of electromagnetic energy on acceptance of radio waves caused by one or several radiations and which is shown in any quality degradation, mistakes or losses of information which could be avoided in the absence of such impact.

Radio communication - telecommunication performed by means of radio waves.

Radio network - method of the organization of radio communication between several correspondents whose radio stations work at the radio data appointed for this radio network.

Radio service - organizational and technical set of the radio-electronic and other technical means providing the radiation, transfer and (or) acceptance of radio waves for particular purposes of telecommunication.

Radio station - one or several radio transmitters, either radio receivers, or combination of radio transmitters and radio receivers, including auxiliary equipment, necessary in certain place for the organization of radio communication service.

Radio-fraquency voice communication - the radio communication type intended for exchange of information in speech form.

Radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication - complex of the organizational and technical actions performed by the relevant services of the aviation organizations, other organizations aimed at providing reliability of functioning of radio-electronic means and high-frequency devices in the course of the organization, air traffic maintenance and flight management.

Radio frequency - the frequency of electromagnetic oscillations accepted for designation of single component of radio-frequency spectrum.

Radio-frequency providing - complex of the organizational and technical actions performed by the relevant services of the aviation organizations, other organizations aimed at providing reliability of functioning of radio-electronic means and high-frequency devices in the course of the organization, air traffic maintenance and flight management.

Radio-frequency services - the specialized divisions of state bodies and the state organizations exercising according to the legislation operational management in the field of use of radio-frequency spectrum.

Radio-electronic means - the technical tool consisting of one or several radio-transmitting and (or) radio-receiving devices and auxiliary equipment, intended for transfer and (or) acceptance of radio waves.

Repair - complex of transactions on maintenance, operability of land means of radio engineering flight servicing.

Resource - means operating time from the beginning of its operation or its renewal after repair of certain type before transition to limiting condition.

The head of service (base) of ERTOS - the service employee directly responsible for the organization and implementation of technical operation of objects (terrestrial facilities) of RTOP and AVES in the aviation organization or its structural division.

Administrative board of service (base) of ERTOS - the personnel holding the positions providing implementation of system control and management of divisions (objects).

System of automatic information transfer in the terminal area - the complex of means intended for automatic provision round the clock or in certain time of day of the current established information for the arriving and taking off air vehicles.

System of multiposition acceptance (MLAT system) - equipment set in the configuration intended for position determination on the basis of signals of the transponder of secondary surveillance radar (answers or skvitter) in which the method based on determination of difference of time of receipt of signals (TDOA) is mainly used. From the accepted signals it is also possible to take information on identification.

System of processing of messages of Department of Internal Affairs (AMHS) - complex of computing and coherent means for provision of services on processing of messages of Department of Internal Affairs.

Specially authorized body - state body to which the President of the Republic of Belarus or Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus confer powers in the corresponding sphere of activity.

Satellite telecommunication - the space radio communication between earth radio stations performed by means of relaying of radio signals via one or several earth satellites.

Means of radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication - the technical tool (product, complex, system) produced and delivered in accordance with the terms of the producer and intended for accomplishment of certain function on radio engineering flight servicing, aviation telecommunication, automation of control procedures for air traffic in single system of air traffic maintenance and (or) ensuring productive activity of the aviation organizations.

Service life - calendar duration from the beginning of operation of means or its renewal after repair of certain type before transition to limiting condition.

The message - documentary data block (the telegram, e-mail, the fax, etc.), identified as appropriate, transferred or accepted on any channels of telecommunication.

The table of distribution of strips of radio frequencies between radio services of the Republic of Belarus - the official document by which are established distribution of strips of radio frequencies between radio services and conditions of their use and also is determined category of strips of radio frequencies.

Running repair - the repair which is carried out for providing or maintenance of means and consisting in replacement and (or) recovery of separate parts.

The telegram - the documentary message having number and transferred on any channels of telecommunication (telegraph, phone, radio).

Maintenance - transaction or complex of transactions on maintenance of working capacity or operability of means of radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication in case of proper use, expectation, storage and transportation.

Technical condition - set subject to change in use properties of means of radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication, characterized at a given time by the determining parameters (signs) set by technical documentation to this means.

Node (complex) of communication - the structural division of service (base) of ERTOS intended for the organization of the aviation fixed telecommunication including telecommunication for the benefit of productive activity of the aviation organization.

Telecommunication - the communication type representing any radiations, transfer or acceptance of signs, signals, voice information, the written text of images, sounds or other messages on radio system wire, optical and to other electromagnetic systems.

Telecommunication air-ground data link "dispatcher-pilot" - means of telecommunication between the dispatcher and the pilot for the purpose of the Department of Internal Affairs with use of air-ground data link.

Electroerosive wear - erosive wear of surface as a result of impact of discharges when passing current flow. In case of electric erosion of contacts there is partial transfer of metal from one contact on another and spraying of metal.

Chapter 3. Designations and reducings

7. In these Aviation rules the following reducings are applied:

AFTN - Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network - network of the aviation fixed telecommunication;

AIP - Aeronautical Information Publication - the collection of aeronautical information;

AMHS - Aeronautical Message Handling Systems - system of processing of messages of Department of Internal Affairs;

ATN - Aeronautical Telecommunication Network - network of aviation telecommunication;

ATIS - Automatic Terminal Information Service - service of automatic information transfer in the terminal area;

CIDIN - Common ICAO Data Interchange Network - general network of data traffic of ICAO;

DME - Distance Measuring Equipment - omnidirectional DME ground radio beacon of the range of ultra-high frequencies;

DME/N - Distance Measuring Equipment/Normal - omnidirectional DME ground radio beacon of the range of ultra-high frequencies with narrow spectral reflectances;

ILS - blind landing system;

FMG - Frequency Management Group - group on the organization of frequencies of the European region of ICAO;

GNSS - Global Navigation Satellite System - the global navigation satellite system;

GPS - Global Positioning System - global station-keeping equipment;

MLAT - Multilateration - system of multilateration;

NDB - Non-Directional Beacon - locator beacon;

NOTAM - Notice To Airmen - notifications (notice) for crews of AF;

RNAV - Area Navigation - area navigation;

SAP - State Authorized Person - the authorized person of the state;

SITA - Society International Telecommunications Aeronautical - International society of aviation telecommunication;

SPI - Special Position Identification - the special attitude indicator of the air vehicle;

UTC - Universal Coordinated Time - the universal coordinate time;

VOR - Very High Frequency Omni-directional Range - omnidirectional azimuthal radio beacon of the range of very high frequencies;

AVES - aviation telecommunication;

AZN-V (ADS-B) - automatic dependent surveillance broadcasting;

AZN-K (ADS-C) - automatic dependent surveillance contractual;

Joint stock bank - the rechargeable battery;

AP - Aviation rules;

ARP - automatic direction finder;

The EXPERT of the Department of Internal Affairs - automated control system for air traffic;

ACS - automated control system;

Automatic telephone exchange - automatic telephone exchange;

AFU - the antenna-feeder device;

BPRM - near locator beacon;

VOLMET (VOLMET - the French origin of Vol (weeds) also meteo (weather forecast)) - system of automatic transfer of meteoinformation to crews of the air vehicles which are on route;

VLP - the spring and summer period;

The runway - landing strip;

VORL - secondary surveillance radar;

AF - the air vehicle;

VCh - high frequency;

HECTARE - civil aviation;

GRM - the glide slope beacon;

DPP - control office of approach;

The DPR - control office of taxing;

DPRM - distant locator beacon;

ZIP - reserve property and accessories;

The UPS - the uninterruptible power supply unit;

ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO);

ITP - engineering personnel;

KRM - localizer;

KSA - complex of the automation equipment;

MANHOLE - linearly - the hardware hall;

LKS - linearly - cable constructions;

LKKS (GBAS) - the local control adjusting station;

LPD - air-ground data links;

MVL - local airlines;

MVORL - monopulse secondary surveillance radar;

MDP - local control office;

MK - magnetic course;

MPSN-A - multiposition watch system airfield (MLAT system);

MPSN-Sh - multiposition watch system broadband (Wide Area MLAT - WAM);

MRM - marker;

Department of Internal Affairs - air traffic maintenance;

Air traffic management - air traffic management;

OVCh - very high frequencies;

OZP - the autumn and winter period;

OPRS - separate locator beacon;

ORL-A - surveillance radar airfield;

ORL-T - surveillance radar route;

SMALLPOX - the landing system equipment;

ON - the software;

PORL - primary surveillance radar;

PRTs - the transferring radio center;

PTM - fire and technical minimum;

RD - taxiway;

RDTs - district dispatch center;

Radar station - radar station;

RL OLP - the radar of the overview of airfield;

RMA - radio beacon azimuthal;

RMS - radio beacon system;

RTOP - radio engineering flight servicing;

RTs - the district center;

RES - radio-electronic means;

SAOD - system of the automated data traffic;

SDP - starting control office;

The SI - gages;

SKRS - system of switching of voice informations;

SSO - the light-signal equipment;

THAT is maintenance;

OS - final terminal;

TNPA - technical regulatory legal acts;

The Department of Internal Affairs - air traffic control;

TsKS - message switching center;

TsKS-O - message switching center terminal;

TsKS-R - regional message switching center;

EMS - electromagnetic compatibility.

ERTOS - operation of the radio-radar equipment and communication;

ESTOP - electrolighting flight servicing;

ETD - the technical and operational documentation.

Section II. Radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication

Chapter 4. Terrestrial facilities of radio engineering flight servicing and aviation telecommunication

8. Design of means of RTOP and AVES shall provide safe operation according to requirements of safe engineering, flammability control, industrial hygiene, etc.

9. The design of means of RTOP and AVES shall exclude possibility of wrong actions from ITP when replacing nodes, blocks and payments in the course of maintenance.

10. The means of RTOP and AVES used for air traffic maintenance shall have the document issued by authorized organization of the manufacturing country on confirmation of conformity of technical characteristics of means of RTOP and to AVES, requirements of international standards to means of RTOP and AVES.

11. Means of RTOP and AVES shall have ETD in structure:

management (instruction) for operation;

form (passport);

sheet of ZIP;

the regulations of TO if it is not provided by the manufacturer, are developed by operational division of RTOP and AVES;

sheet of ETD.

12. Means of RTOP and AVES are considered suitable for proper use if term their services (resource) did not expire or is timely prolonged, critical parameters conform to requirements of ETD, the Aviation rules "Certified Requirements to Airfields of Civil Aviation of the Republic of Belarus", and TO, land and flight inspections are carried out timely and in full.

13. It is allowed to use one AFU for several devices on condition of use of the technologies allowing to work to several radio-transmitting and (or) radio-receiving devices for one AFU.

14. Watch facilities:

ORL-T consisting of PORL with characteristics according to appendix 45, and/or VORL with characteristics according to appendix 46, shall find and measure coordinates (azimuth range) of AF in the off-aerodrome zone (on trasses and out of routes), with the subsequent issue of information on air picture in the centers (Items) of air traffic control for the purposes of control and ensuring air traffic control, and in the presence of VORL - also additional information from AF, equipped with transponders. The antenna system of ORL-T is adjusted rather true meridian. The period of updating of information constitutes no more than ten seconds. ORL-T is recommended to be placed so that overlapping of airways of this area by the action area of the radar at height from the controlled airspace, lower to the upper echelon, was provided;

ORL-A consisting of PORL and/or VORL shall find and measure coordinates (azimuth range) of AF in airfield area with the subsequent issue of information on air picture in the centers (Items) of air traffic control for the purposes of control and ensuring air traffic control, and in the presence of VORL - also additional information from AF, equipped with transponders. The period of updating of information constitutes no more than six seconds. ORL-A is recommended to be placed so that continuous radar scanning of controlled airspace in the terminal area was provided. The antenna system of ORL-A is adjusted rather true meridian. The coordinate information (azimuthal) intended for the center (Item) of the Department of Internal Affairs in airfield area is recalculated rather magnetic meridian by the equipment of the center (Item) of the Department of Internal Affairs or other special equipment;

RL OLP with characteristics according to appendix 47 is intended for control and mission control of AF, special motor transport, technical means and other objects which are on the aerodrome movement area (the maneuvering area and the platform). For the airfields having the runway of precision approach of III category IKAO, RL OLP is the obligatory equipment;

MPSN-A as multiposition passive (or passive and active) the watch system consisting of several receiving stations, the station of processing and the control defendant shall determine precisely locations of AF which do not transfer the coordinates, but at the same time are equipped by the defendant, for the purposes of control and ensuring air traffic control. Process of determination of provision AF, or hyperbolic positioning, is based on time difference of arrival of the signal radiated by object in the direction of three or more receivers with requirements to parameters according to appendix 54;

MPSN-Sh is intended for position determination and the mission control of AF equipped with the onboard defendants working in the international range (in the А/С modes and S), in the upper and lower airspace with requirements to parameters according to appendix 54;

AZN-V with characteristics according to appendices 57, 58 shall provide data retrieval of observation from the sources located onboard AF or vehicles. The sources located onboard AF or vehicles shall provide periodic broadcast of information on state vector (location and speed) and the other information arriving from onboard systems, in the format acceptable for receivers, and transferred on LPD in the broadcasting mode. LPD of the "S" VORL mode, LPD of expanded skvitter ("1090ES"), LPD in OVCh treat such air-ground data links (appendices 53, 54) the range of the second mode and others;

AZN-K is intended for observation of AF in case of acceptance of information from board of the air vehicle having the agreement on transfer of this information to control air traffic. Information on location is created onboard the air vehicle and transferred on air-ground data links.

The equipment of video surveillance is intended for observation by means of television, thermal image and other visual means in the conditions of limited visibility for AF, vehicles and other objects on the airfield maneuvering area, and also for AF, making take off and landing.

15. Navigation aids:

The radio beacon of VOR with characteristics according to appendix 48 shall provide the radiation of the radio signals containing its call sign and information which allows radio navigation systems to determine onboard AF magnetic bearing (corner between the basic northern direction and the direction on the air vehicle concerning the station) in any point of the action area of beacon, possibility of transfer, if necessary, aboard AF of voice informations;

The radio beacon of DME with characteristics according to appendix 49 together with the AF aircraft equipment shall provide continuous and exact indication in the pilot's cabin about slant range from this beacon to AF in any point of the action area of DME;

NDB with characteristics according to appendix 55 shall designate on trass (route) of flight the coordinate Item used for the purpose of the drive of the air vehicle in radio navigational point or for creation of maneuver of landing approach;

Note: traditional name of the non-directional radio beacon and its abbreviated name: "Separate locator beacon (OPRS)".

Blind landing system (ILS) with characteristics according to appendix 52 in structure:

KRM which shall radiate the signals containing information necessary for orientation of AF in horizontal plane concerning runway center line on base leg in case of accomplishment of landing approach;

GRM which shall radiate the signals containing information necessary for orientation of AF in the vertical plane concerning the established discharge angle of the line of glide path on base leg in case of accomplishment of landing approach;

internal MRM (can be absent), which shall provide crew of AF with information, in poor visibility conditions, about close proximity of threshold of the runway.

average MRM which shall provide crew of AF with information on the location of AF concerning the runway;

external MRM which shall provide crew of AF with information on the location of AF concerning the runway.

Note: when only two MRM are part of ILS the requirements applicable to average (to the neighbor - BMRM) and external shall be observed (distant - DMRM).

Instead of part of MRM or instead of all MRM which are the ILS components DME/N can be used (N - are implied narrow spectral reflectances). In these cases when DME/N is used in the above-stated way, it provides crew of AF with information on slant range to runway threshold. This information is equivalent, from the operational point of view, information provided with marker radio beacon(s);

GNSS with characteristics according to appendix 56 represents the global system of position determination and time including one or several constellations of navigational satellites, the GNSS aircraft equipment and the control system of integrity added, as required, for the purpose of maintenance of required navigation characteristics for the planned transaction;

GNSS provides position determination and time on the air vehicle on measurements of pseudo-ranges between AF equipped with the GNSS receiver, and the different sources of signals placed on companions or on the earth.

Navigation servicing of GNSS is provided by means of different combinations of the following GNSS elements established on the earth on companions and (or) onboard the air vehicle:

GPS which provides service of standard definition of location (further - SPS);

GLONASS which provides the channel of standard accuracy (CSA);

GNSS aircraft equipment;

onboard system of functional amendment (further - ABAS);

satellite system of functional amendment (further - SBAS);

ground system of functional amendment (further - GBAS) to designation of the GBAS station applies also the name LKKS;

ground regional system of functional amendment (further - GRAS);

monitors of signals of GNSS (local control monitoring station (further - LKSM) and complex monitoring system).

The GNSS aircraft equipment calculates location of the air vehicle, its speed, time and other data depending on purpose of the GNSS aircraft equipment.

As fixed asset of navigation of the air vehicle the GNSS aircraft equipment which corresponds to required navigation characteristics (RNP) on accuracy, integrity, continuity and the operational readiness established for accomplishment of the corresponding transactions (flight stages) in specific area of airspace is used.

The GNSS aircraft equipment can be used as fixed asset of navigation of AF on condition of observance of all operational restrictions containing in technical documentation on the GNSS aircraft equipment and also in flight manual, the maintenance manual on the aircraft equipment and management on servicing of the air vehicle.

ABAS provides compliance of navigation servicing of GNSS to aviation requirements due to special acceptances of data processing of GNSS with the AF onboard systems or integration of the data GNSS with data of other navigation systems.

ABAS is based on application of one of the following technologies:

autonomous receiver integrity monitoring (RAIM) which uses the redundant information GNSS for ensuring integrity of the data GNSS;

autonomous control of integrity onboard (AAIM) which uses information from additional airborne sensors for ensuring integrity of the data GNSS;

integration of the GNSS aircraft equipment with other sensors (for example, inertial notation) for providing the improved characteristics of traffic guidance system.

SBAS controls signals of the main satellite constellation (GPS or GLONASS), using network of the land stations of observation distributed within the extensive geographical area. For each controlled satellite of the main satellite constellation of SBAS evaluates errors of the transferred parameters of ephemerises and satellite hours and then transmits these corrections and other data to consumers through the geostationary satellite.

Application of SBAS increases integrity and operational readiness of GNSS to the level allowing to provide calling of AF on landing with vertical targeting (APV).

The action area of SBAS is determined by the action area of the geostationary satellite, and servicing zone - the service provider (operator) of SBAS.

LKSS represents system of functional amendment of land basing to GNSS and is intended for forming and transfer of AF of differential corrections to pseudo-ranges of navigational satellites and information on integrity of the signals radiated by navigational satellites.

LKKS together with GNSS navigational satellites provides navigation of AF in the terminal area, the precision approach also supports performing procedures of area navigation.

LKKS together with means of indication on workplaces of dispatchers allows to determine possibility of accomplishment of precision approach as the used constellations (GNSS-GPS, GNSS-GLONASS, GNSS-GLONASS+GPS).

GRAS is intended for ensuring accomplishment of AF of transactions with use of GNSS on route, in the terminal area, inexact landing approaches, departures and landing approaches with APV in certain area of airspace (region).

GRAS represents result of combination of operation principles of SBAS and GBAS for the purpose of improvement of characteristics of GNSS and expansion of its opportunities for navigation providing consumers. In GRAS like SBAS the distributed network of basic stations for signal monitoring of the satellite constellation GNSS and the center of processing for calculation of integrity of GNSS and the differential adjusting information is used. Difference is that GRAS transmits this information not through the geostationary satellite, and through network of land stations GBAS is similar.

LKSM represents means (system) of monitoring, registration and storage of condition of navigation servicing of GNSS in the terminal area.

LKSM together with means of indication on workplaces of dispatchers allows to determine opportunity, taking into account requirements for the accuracy of determination of the attitude, accomplishment of the planned transaction with use of GNSS as the used constellations (GNSS-GPS, GNSS-GLONASS, GNSS-GLONASS+GPS) in zone of airfield and on approaches to it.

Availability of LKSM is the compulsory provision for the admission to flights with use of GNSS for the allowed transactions in the terminal area if record and storage of information of GNSS relating to these transactions with use of GNSS is not performed otherwise.

The monitoring system is intended for registration, storage and bringing information on monitoring of signals of GNSS to bodies of Department of Internal Affairs and airspace users. Finishing information is made if it is necessary to take the measures aimed at safety-of-life function which can include:

introduction of operational restrictions for use of specific type of servicing of GNSS depending on the level of operational readiness;

the notification of operators and crews of AF about the available discrepancies of characteristics of navigation servicing of GNSS.

The monitoring system can use for these purposes information arriving to it on communication channels from removed with LKSM and LKKS.

Bringing information to bodies of Department of Internal Affairs and airspace users is performed on different communication channels, and also through the publication of the notice on operational changes in rules of carrying out and flight servicing and aeronautical information (NOTAM).

Quality of navigation servicing of GNSS is determined by the following basic utilization properties:

position determination accuracy;

integrity (including threshold and response time of the alarm system);

continuity;

operational readiness.

Position determination accuracy on GNSS is characterized by error of position determination of AF which represents difference between the true location of AF and location determined by the GNSS receiver.

Integrity characterizes capability of system to provide the user with timely and reasonable warnings (operations of the alarm system) that the system should not be used for accomplishment of expected transaction (flight stage). Integrity is trust measure to correctness of information issued by system.

Necessary level of integrity for each transaction (flight stage) is established by values corresponding special longitudinal (side) (and for some landing approaches - and vertical) alarm system firing levels. When value of integrity goes beyond the established thresholds, the system shall issue the corresponding prevention, having received which crew of AF during the established time frame shall or pass to navigation with use of regular navaids (NAVAID), or pass to performing procedures with use of GNSS with less strict requirements.

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